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This book describes how local consumption, particularly in urban areas, is increasingly met by global supply chains. These supply chains often extend over large geographical distances and have greater global environmental impacts, contributing to pollution, climate change, water scarcity, and deforestation. As consumption is increasingly met by globalized supply chains, causing social, economic, and environmental impacts elsewhere, consumption decisions can unknowingly contribute and reinforce global inequality and exploitation. To account for the impacts of consumption and distribution of wealth we need to analyze global supply and value chains. In this volume, the authors provide an overview of key methods of analysis, including Multi-Regional Input-Output analysis and Life Cycle Assessment. Subsequent chapters connect local consumption to the global consequences of different environmental issues, such as water and land use and stress, greenhouse gases emissions, and other forms of air pollution. Each issue is addressed in an individual chapter, including case studies from China, U.S. and UK. The book will be key reading for students taking courses in environmental sciences, sustainability sciences, ecological economies, and geography.

Environmental economics. --- Consumption (Economics) --- Business logistics --- Environmental impact analysis. --- Sustainable development. --- Environmental aspects.

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The employment impacts of the transition to a post-carbon economy are gaining increasing attention. The post-carbon transition implies fundamental changes in the economy followed by significant changes in the structure of labour demand. Industries with the highest carbon footprint are of utmost importance because of the large expected changes in supply chain structures forced by decarbonisation. The power industry is a crucial component of the transition since its decarbonisation can also help other sectors (such as transportation) switch to cleaner energy fuels. Renewable energy sources are promising technologies that could significantly help foster transition in the energy sector and to provide energy with almost zero greenhouse gas emissions. Restructuring away from fossil fuels will bring about associated job losses in non-renewable energy sectors together with job gains in the renewable energy ones.