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"We derive generalizations of McShane's identity for higher ranked surface group representations by studying a family of mapping class group invariant functions introduced by Goncharov and Shen, which generalize the notion of horocycle lengths. In particular, we obtain McShane-type identities for finite-area cusped convex real projective surfaces by generalizing the Birman-Series geodesic scarcity theorem. More generally, we establish McShane-type identities for positive surface group representations with loxodromic boundary monodromy, as well as McShanetype inequalities for general rank positive representations with unipotent boundary monodromy. Our identities are systematically expressed in terms of projective invariants, and we study these invariants: we establish boundedness and Fuchsian rigidity results for triple and cross ratios. We apply our identities to derive the simple spectral discreteness of unipotent-bordered positive representations, collar lemmas, and generalizations of the Thurston metric"--

Combinatorial identities. --- Convex surfaces. --- Cusp forms (Mathematics) --- Geodesics (Mathematics) --- Potential theory (Mathematics) --- Teichmu¨ller spaces. --- Low-dimensional topology.

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This book concentrates on intelligent technologies as it relates to engineering systems. The book covers the following topics: networking, signal processing, artificial intelligence, control and software engineering, intelligent electronic circuits and systems, communications, and materials and mechanical engineering. The book is a collection of original papers that have been reviewed by technical editors. These papers were presented at the International Conference on Intelligent Technologies and Engineering Systems, held Dec. 13-15, 2012.

Telecommunication technology --- Applied physical engineering --- Mass communications --- Information systems --- Computer. Automation --- beeldverwerking --- ICT (informatie- en communicatietechnieken) --- informatiesystemen --- tekstverwerking --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- communicatietechnologie --- signaalverwerking

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Science --- Technology --- History --- Congresses

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This paper provides the first systematic study of how minimum wage policies in China affect firm employment over the 2000-2007 periods. Using a novel dataset of minimum wage regulations across more than 2,800 counties matched with firm-level data, we investigate both the effect of the minimum wage and its policy enforcement tightening in 2004. A dynamic panel (difference GMM) estimator is combined with a "neighbor-pairs-approach" to control for unobservable heterogeneity common to "border counties" that are subject to different minimum wage changes. We show that minimum wage increases have a s

Labor market -- China. --- Labor market. --- Minimum wage -- China. --- Minimum wage. --- Wages -- Government policy -- China. --- Wages -- Government policy.