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"The problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color-line," W. E. B. Du Bois wrote in 1903, and his words have proven sadly prophetic. As we enter the twenty-first century, the problem remains--and yet it, and the line that defines it, have shifted in subtle but significant ways. This brief book speaks powerfully to the question of how the circumstances of race and racism have changed in our time--and how these changes will affect our future. Foremost among the book's concerns are the contradictions and incoherence of a system that idealizes black celebrities in politics, popular culture, and sports even as it diminishes the average African-American citizen. The world of the assembly line, boxer Jack Johnson's career, and The Birth of a Nation come under Holt's scrutiny as he relates the malign progress of race and racism to the loss of industrial jobs and the rise of our modern consumer society. Understanding race as ideology, he describes the processes of consumerism and commodification that have transformed, but not necessarily improved, the place of black citizens in our society. As disturbing as it is enlightening, this timely work reveals the radical nature of change as it relates to race and its cultural phenomena. It offers conceptual tools and a new way to think and talk about racism as social reality.

Sociology of minorities --- Race. --- Racism.

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Capitalism --- Indigenous peoples --- Peasants --- Plantations --- Slavery --- History. --- History --- Jamaica --- Great Britain --- Race relations --- Politics and government --- Colonies

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À la fois concis et ambitieux, ce livre retrace l'histoire de la lutte des Noirs américains pour l'égalité et la citoyenneté dans les années 1950 et 1960. S'émancipant d'une histoire focalisée sur les figures iconiques comme Rosa Parks ou Martin Luther King, Thomas Holt propose une histoire from below (« par en bas ») qui met les anonymes au centre de la narration pour mieux restituer les logiques profondes du « Mouvement ». Symboliquement, l'auteur débute son récit en 1944 par le geste de sa propre grand-mère Carrie s'asseyant à l'avant d'un bus, espace réservé aux Blancs. Loin d'en faire une héroïne, l'auteur rappelle qu'il y eut de nombreux actes de rébellion semblables. Ces multiples actions individuelles, souligne-t-il, permirent l'émergence du Mouvement des droits civiques qui allait s'épanouir au cours de la décennie suivante. À côté d'un récit précis des faits majeurs, Thomas Holt montre donc que la résistance a été animée avant tout par des citoyens ordinaires, souvent des femmes, ouvrant la voie aux mouvements féministes de l'après-Seconde Guerre mondiale. Cet ouvrage constitue un apport précieux à l'étude des résistances à l'oppression raciale et une boussole pour penser notre présent et envisager l'avenir.

African Americans --- Civil rights.

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In this collaborative work, three leading historians explore one of the most significant areas of inquiry in modern historiography--the transition from slavery to freedom and what this transition meant for former slaves, former slaveowners, and the societies in which they lived. Their contributions take us beyond the familiar portrait of emancipation as the end of an evil system to consider the questions and the struggles that emerged in freedom's wake. Thomas Holt focuses on emancipation in Jamaica and the contested meaning of citizenship in defining and redefining the concept of freedom; Rebecca Scott investigates the complex struggles and cross-racial alliances that evolved in southern Louisiana and Cuba after the end of slavery; and Frederick Cooper examines the intersection of emancipation and imperialism in French West Africa. In their introduction, the authors address issues of citizenship, labor, and race, in the post-emancipation period and they point the way toward a fuller understanding of the meanings of freedom.

Citizenship. --- Freedmen. --- Race. --- Slaves --- Emancipation. --- Enslaved persons --- Freed persons.

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Political sociology --- Politics