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In medieval Ashkenaz piyyut commentary was a popular genre that consisted of 'open texts' that continued to be edited by almost each copyist. Although some early commentators can be identified, it is mainly compilers that are responsible for the transmitted form of text. Based on an ample corpus of Ashkenazic commentaries the study provides a taxonomy of commentary elements, including linguistic explanations, treatment of hypotexts, and medieval elements, and describes their use by different commentators and compilers. It also analyses the main techniques of compilation and the various ways they were employed by compilers. Different types of commentaries are described that target diverse audiences by using varied sets of commentary elements and compilatory techniques. Several commentaries are edited to illustrate the different commentary types.

Piyutim --- Hebrew poetry, Medieval --- Jewish religious poetry, Hebrew --- Judaism --- Jews --- Religions --- Semites --- Religious poetry, Hebrew --- Hebrew poetry --- Medieval Hebrew poetry --- History and criticism. --- History --- Religion --- Hebrew poetry, medieval --- History and criticism --- Piyutim - History and criticism --- Hebrew poetry, medieval - Germany - History and criticism --- Jewish religious poetry, Hebrew - Germany - History and criticism --- Judaism - Germany - History - To 1500 --- Hebrew Poetry. --- Jewish Liturgy. --- Jews in Germany in the Middle Ages. --- Medieval Commentary.

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Vol. 2 contains the Midrashim on Ester: Panim Acherim A and B, Midrash Megillat Ester, Pirqe deRabbi Elieser, chap. 49-50, Midrash Megilla, Leqah Tov and Jalqut Shimoni on Ester, Midrash Abba Gurion, Ester Rabba, Sefer Josippon, chap. 9 and Midrash Psalm 22. This source publication of commentaries in Talmud and Midrash on the Book of Ester provides German translations which make visible the flow of argumentation, the structure of the texts and parallel passages within rabbinical literatur. The texts show different approaches to declaring the book of Ester a holy book by means of interpretation.

exegesis --- Old Testament --- Rabbinic Literature

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What did the world look like for Jews living in medieval Europe? How did they perceive and make use of the elements of their daily life, from items on the street to religious iconography within holy spaces - in particular synagogues and at the exterior of churches - and profane elements from the home? And how did they experience the visual and material cultures of their non-Jewish neighbours?00These questions form the core of this volume, which explores pre-modern Jewish approaches to images and material objects from a variety of perspectives. From clothing to manuscripts, and from lighting devices to the understanding of the invisible, the chapters gathered together in this multifaceted volume combine analyses of images and artefacts together with in-depth analyses of texts to offer fresh insights into the visual cultures that informed the world of European Jews in the Middle Ages.

Jews --- Material culture --- Material culture --- Jews --- Jews --- Jews --- Jewish art --- History --- History --- Religious aspects --- Judaism --- Antiquities --- Civilization --- Intellectual life --- History

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