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Why does religion sometimes increase support for democracy and sometimes do just the opposite? In Faith in Numbers, political scientist Michael Hoffman presents a theory of religion, group interest, and democracy. Focusing on communal religion, he demonstrates that the effect of communal prayer on support for democracy depends on the interests of the religious group in question. For members of groups who would benefit from democracy, communal prayer increases support for democratic institutions; for citizens whose groups would lose privileges in the event of democratic reforms, the opposite effect is present. Using a variety of data sources, Hoffman illustrates these claims in multiple contexts. He places particular emphasis on his study of Lebanon and Iraq, two countries in which sectarian divisions have played a major role in political development, by utilizing both existing and original surveys. 0By examining religious and political preferences among both Muslims and non-Muslims in several religiously diverse settings, Faith in Numbers shows that theological explanations of religion and democracy are inadequate. Rather, it demonstrates that religious identities and sectarian interests play a major part in determining regime preferences and illustrates how Islam in particular can be mobilized for both pro- and anti-democratic purposes. It finds that Muslim religious practice is not necessarily anti-democratic; in fact, in a number of settings, practicing Muslims are considerably more supportive of democracy than their secular counterparts. Theological differences alone do not determine whether members of religious groups tend to support or oppose democracy; rather, their participation in communal worship motivates them to view democracy through a sectarian lens.

Religion and politics --- Democracy --- Public worship --- Religious aspects --- Islam

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135 black-and-white duotone plates cover twenty-one years of Robert Adam's passionate affection for the American landscape. This well-reproduced volume of landscape photographs, covering 21 years of Adams's work, accompanies a retrospective traveling exhibition at the Philadelphia Museum of Art. Exquisite and otherwise pristine views in seven midwestern and western states are isolated by the photographer to show what might have been and to illustrate the clutter accumulated by unworthy occupants of the land. In his essay, the photographer, who has a Ph.D. in English, argues eloquently for morality in our treatment of the environment. The text works hand in hand with the photographs to bring us to a reconsideration of our practices as inhabitants of these landscapes. Recommended for photography and natural history collections. - Kathleen Collins, Library Journal.

Adams, Robert --- Photographie d'art --- Photographe --- Landscape photography --- Adams, Robert, --- 20e siècle --- 77.071 ADAMS --- CDL --- Exhibitions --- Adams, Robert Hickman, --- Landscape photography - West (US) --- Adams, Robert, - 1937 --- -Landscape photography --- -Adams, Robert --- -Photographie d'art --- Adams, Robert, - 1937-

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Prehistoric peoples --- -Cavemen (Prehistoric peoples) --- Early man --- Man, Prehistoric --- Prehistoric archaeology --- Prehistoric human beings --- Prehistoric humans --- Prehistory --- Human beings --- Antiquities, Prehistoric --- Egypt --- Antiquities. --- -Egypt --- Cavemen (Prehistoric peoples) --- Primitive societies

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Prehistoric peoples --- Egypt --- Antiquities.