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This collection is an important contribution to the semantic and syntactic analysis of the expression of existence. The volume focuses on the three main linguistic constructions expressing existence: copular clauses, existential sentences, and (in)definiteness. The papers analyze the interaction between the basic notion of existence and pervasive phenomena of natural language, such as quantification and presupposition. The contributions represent state of the art research on theoretical and comparative issues related to the expression of existence, and make extensive reference to the semantic and syntactic facts of English and of various other languages. The richness of new data and the juxtaposition of different theoretical stances bring a number of new questions into focus.

Grammar, Comparative and general --- Semantics, Comparative. --- Existential constructions. --- Syntax. --- Comparative semantics --- Language and languages --- Syntax --- Existential constructions (Grammar) --- Semantics --- Linguistics. --- Comparative linguistics. --- Grammar. --- Romance languages. --- Semantics. --- Philosophy of Language. --- Comparative Linguistics. --- Romance Languages. --- Philosophy. --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Neo-Latin languages --- Italic languages and dialects --- Comparative philology --- Philology, Comparative --- Historical linguistics --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Sentences --- Verb phrase --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Linguistics --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Philosophical grammar --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative --- Language and languages—Philosophy. --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax

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This book is a collection of original research articles on the representation and in­ terpretation of indefinite and definite noun phrases, anaphoric pronouns, and closely related issues such as reference, scope and quantifier movement. A variety of frame­ works for the formal analysis of discourse semantics are represented, including dis­ course representation theory, file change semantics, dynamic Logic, E-type theories, and choice function approaches, which was one of the main issues the Konstanz project were concerned with. All of these frameworks are couched in the tradition of Montague Grammar, even though they extend the classical formalism in different directions. The developments emerged from the modern discussion of problems for the representation of cross-sentential anaphoric relations involving pronouns, and the interpretation of definite and indefinite noun phrases. After a decade of controversy, these approaches are merging together, enriching each other's formal mechanisms rather than expressing opposition. Thus, the articles in this volume concentrate on fundamental semantic questions, and also extend the current formalisms in order to capture more data. The roots of this book lie in the workshop "Reference and Anaphoric Relations", which was held at the University of Konstanz in June 1996. Five main issues were discussed: (i) the Stoic and scholastic treatment of reference and anaphora; (ii) quan­ tification and scope, (iii) anaphoric reference; (iv) the representation of indefinite NPs with choice functions; and (v) the relation between linguistic expressions, their rep­ resentations and their meanings.

Reference (Linguistics) --- Anaphora (Linguistics) --- Definiteness (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Référence (Linguistique) --- Anaphore --- Définis (Linguistique) --- Quantificateurs (Linguistique) --- Quantifiers --- Anafoor (Taalwetenschap) --- Anaphore (Linguistique) --- Verwijzing (Taalwetenschap) --- Quantifiers. --- Definiteness (Linguistics). --- Reference (Linguistics). --- Philosophy of language --- Anaphora (Linguistics). --- Grammar [Comparative and general ] --- Semantics. --- Linguistics. --- Language and languages—Philosophy. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Theoretical Linguistics. --- Philosophy of Language. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and languages --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology)

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Language and languages. --- Semantics. --- Semantics -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. --- Semantics --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Generative and Cognitive Linguistics. --- Linguistic Theories.

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This collection is an important contribution to the semantic and syntactic analysis of the expression of existence. The volume focuses on the three main linguistic constructions expressing existence: copular clauses, existential sentences, and (in)definiteness. The papers analyze the interaction between the basic notion of existence and pervasive phenomena of natural language, such as quantification and presupposition. The contributions represent state of the art research on theoretical and comparative issues related to the expression of existence, and make extensive reference to the semantic and syntactic facts of English and of various other languages. The richness of new data and the juxtaposition of different theoretical stances bring a number of new questions into focus.

Grammar --- taalfilosofie --- Lexicology. Semantics --- syntaxis --- semantiek --- linguïstiek --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Semantics, Comparative. --- Phrase existentielle --- Syntaxe --- Sémantique comparée --- Existential constructions --- Syntax. --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVLANGU SPRINGER-B

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This selection of research papers written by Hans Kamp presents the core of his scientific research on natural language semantics and its relation to logic, philosophy and linguistics. Arranged in six sections, the topics range from philosophical reflection on the foundational issues in the ancient Sorites Paradox with a formal account of its solution, to a detailed account of presuppositions in dynamic semantics. Ranking among the philosophers with great and lasting influence on formal semantics, Hans Kamp contributed early foundational research to core theoretical topics like temporal reference and vagueness, then pushed the boundaries of the discipline in new and productive directions. Showing the importance of non-truth-functional aspects of meaning, Discourse Representation Theory proved the value of a dynamic approach to interaction of text and context for our understanding of anaphora, word meaning and context-dependence. This collection shows very clearly how Kamp has forged ground-breaking connections among semantics, computation, and mental representation, challenging the once dominant Fregean anti-psychologism, while demonstrating that the best theoretical research can simultaneously yield important computational applications and novel cognitive insights. Barbara Partee, University of Massachussetts Amherst

Context (Linguistics) --- Discourse analysis. --- Meaning (Philosophy) --- Semantics. --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philosophy --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Situation (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Context --- Discourse analysis