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There have been periods of growth and of decrease in the quantity of writing produced in the medieval centuries. The present volume is concerned with qualitative developments, asking: which developments can be distinguished in the roles played by writing in medieval societies? In which fields was writing used, and by whom? Why did these changes take place? When attempting to answer these questions, the scholar confronts basic questions about the sources at one’s disposal. Why were documents written? Why were they preserved and in what form? The volume pays especial attention to charters, since these documents have been continuously present throughout the Middle Ages. They also had an impact on most layers of society.

Charters --- Written communication --- Literacy --- Civilization, Medieval --- Chartes --- Communication écrite --- Alphabétisation --- Civilisation médiévale --- History --- Histoire --- 003.074 --- 930.85.42 --- 930.22 --- -Civilization, Medieval --- -Written communication --- -Written discourse --- Written language --- Communication --- Discourse analysis --- Language and languages --- Visual communication --- Illiteracy --- Education --- General education --- Medieval civilization --- Middle Ages --- Civilization --- Chivalry --- Renaissance --- Documents --- Cartularies --- Deeds --- Diplomatics --- Incorporation --- Archives --- Certificates of incorporation --- Manuscripts --- Diplomatisch schrijven. Schrijven van verslagen, akten, oorkonden en charters. Officieel schrijven --- Cultuurgeschiedenis: Middeleeuwen --- Bronnenstudie. Oorkondenleer. Diplomatiek --- -History --- Law and legislation --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Civilization, Medieval. --- -Diplomatisch schrijven. Schrijven van verslagen, akten, oorkonden en charters. Officieel schrijven --- -Charters --- -930.22 Bronnenstudie. Oorkondenleer. Diplomatiek --- 930.85.42 Cultuurgeschiedenis: Middeleeuwen --- 003.074 Diplomatisch schrijven. Schrijven van verslagen, akten, oorkonden en charters. Officieel schrijven --- Written discourse --- Communication écrite --- Alphabétisation --- Civilisation médiévale --- 930.22 Bronnenstudie. Oorkondenleer. Diplomatiek --- History. --- Charters - History - To 1500 - Congresses --- Written communication - Europe - History - To 1500 - Congresses --- Written communication - Europe - History - Sources - Congresses --- Literacy - Europe - History - To 1500 - Congresses --- Acqui 2006 --- History and criticismebook --- Sources --- CHARTES --- ECRITURE --- DIPLOMATIQUE DU MOYEN AGE --- HISTOIRE --- MOYEN AGE

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"The Divorce of Lothar II illuminates the origin and development of Western notions of marriage and divorce and the separation of church and state in the context of a notorious royal divorce in late Carolingian Europe. In 857, Lothar II, king of Lotharingia, decided to divorce Theutberga - either because she had allegedly engaged in an incestuous liaison with her brother or simply because Lothar had wished to marry his concubine Waldrada. Karl Heidecker's dramatic and engaging narrative untangles the chaos that resulted: two popes, a host of often quarreling bishops, and Lothar's conniving uncles soon became involved in an epic struggle that did not end even with the death of Lothar. The extraordinary series of events sheds light on the fact that the laws on marriage and divorce were still uncertain, The Church itself was hardly unified in its approach, and its efforts to formulate and impose rules repeatedly foundered against the political machinations characteristic of the Carolingian world." "In The Divorce of Lothar II, Heidecker not only discusses the legal aspects of the case but also pays much attention to the often heavy-handed ways in which the players of the story achieved their goals. This ninth-century scandal becomes a study of family dynamics, changing values, and the tenuous relationships between kings, nobles, and bishops around the topic of royal marriage. Though the drama ended with no clear resolution of the Church's position, Lothar's quest is revealed as an early chapter in the emergence of the belief that marriage rests on the personal will of the partners, is monogamous, and should not be dissolved."--BOOK JACKET.

Divorce (Canon law) --- Marriage (Canon law) --- Divorce --- Mariage --- History --- Droit canonique --- Histoire --- Lothair --- Lorraine (France) --- France --- Kings and rulers --- Biography. --- History. --- Rois et souverains --- Biographies --- -944.015 --- 392.4/.5 "04/14" --- Marriage --- Broken homes --- Divorced people --- Sacraments (Canon law) --- Pauline privilege --- Privilegium Paulinum --- Canon law --- Separation (Canon law) --- Geschiedenis van Frankrijk: Karolingers--(751-987) --- Verloving. Huwelijk. Huwelijksgebruiken. Partnerkeuze. Polyandrie. Polygamie. Monogamie--Middeleeuwen --- Catholic Church --- Lothaire --- Lothar --- Lotharius --- -France --- -Kings and rulers --- -History --- -History. --- 392.4/.5 "04/14" Verloving. Huwelijk. Huwelijksgebruiken. Partnerkeuze. Polyandrie. Polygamie. Monogamie--Middeleeuwen --- 944.015 Geschiedenis van Frankrijk: Karolingers--(751-987) --- -Lothringen (France) --- Pʻŭrangsŭ --- Frankrig --- Francja --- Frant︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Prantsusmaa --- Francia (Republic) --- Tsarfat --- Tsorfat --- Franḳraykh --- Frankreich --- Fa-kuo --- Faguo --- Франция --- French Republic --- République française --- Peurancih --- Frankryk --- Franse Republiek --- Francland --- Frencisc Cynewīse --- فرنسا --- Faransā --- Franza --- Republica Franzesa --- Gallia (Republic) --- Hyãsia --- Phransiya --- Fransa --- Fransa Respublikası --- Franse --- Францыя --- Frantsyi︠a︡ --- Французская Рэспубліка --- Frantsuzskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Parancis --- Pransya --- Franis --- Francuska --- Republika Francuska --- Bro-C'hall --- Френска република --- Frenska republika --- França --- República Francesa --- Pransiya --- Republikang Pranses --- Γαλλία --- Gallia --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- Gallikē Dēmokratia --- فرانسه --- Farānsah --- צרפת --- רפובליקה הצרפתית --- Republiḳah ha-Tsarfatit --- פראנקרייך --- 法国 --- 法蘭西共和國 --- Falanxi Gongheguo --- フランス --- Furansu --- フランス共和国 --- Furansu Kyōwakoku --- Francija --- Ranska --- Frankrike --- 944.015 --- Lothringen (France) --- Alsace-Lorraine (Germany) --- Lorraine (Duchy) --- Bar (Duchy) --- Lorraine (Territory under German Occupation, 1940-1944) --- Grand Est (France) --- Lothaire II (roi de Lotharingie ; 0835?-0869) --- Carolingiens (dynastie) --- Mariages royaux et nobles --- Moeurs et coutumes --- 9e siècle --- 9e siècle

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Human medicine