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In this monograph, an accurate ultrasonic method for measurement of small motion and deformation of biological tissue is described. In the displacement estimation based on the phase change of echoes, the displacement estimates are biased when the center frequency of the RF echo changes. Such an apparent change in the center frequency could be caused by the interference of echoes from scatterers. To reduce the influence of the center frequency variation on the estimation of motion and deformation, an error correcting function, which does not require the assumption that the center frequency distributions in 2 different frames are the same, was introduced. As a result, the proposed method provides better strain estimates in comparison with conventional phase-sensitive correlation methods. This monograph also shows examples of applications of this method to measurement of small motion and deformation of biological tissues. This method can be applied to measurement of elasticity of dynamic tissues, such as the artery. Also, elastic properties of static tissues can be also measured by combining with actuation using the acoustic radiation force.

Ultrasonics in medicine. --- Viscoelasticity --- Tissues --- Ultrasonics. --- Tissues. --- Tissue --- Ultrasonic --- Ultrasonic Waves --- Tissue biomechanics --- Tissue mechanics --- Biomechanics --- Continuum mechanics --- Elasticity --- Viscosity --- Relaxation phenomena --- Medical ultrasonics --- Measurement. --- Mechanical properties.

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Among medical imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) andmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound imaging stands out due to itstemporal resolution. Owing to the nature of medical ultrasound imaging, it has beenused for not only observation of the morphology of living organs but also functionalimaging, such as blood flow imaging and evaluation of the cardiac function. Ultrafastultrasound imaging, which has recently become widely available, significantlyincreases the opportunities for medical functional imaging. Ultrafast ultrasoundimaging typically enables imaging frame-rates of up to ten thousand frames persecond (fps). Due to the extremely high temporal resolution, this enablesvisualization of rapid dynamic responses of biological tissues, which cannot beobserved and analyzed by conventional ultrasound imaging. This Special Issueincludes various studies of improvements to the performance of ultrafast ultrasound.

Ultrasonic imaging.

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This book provides a review of state-of-the-art technological developments in applied ultrasonics with a focus on recent advances in ultrasonic research, covering metrological applications, non-destructive evaluation, sensing, devices, and physics, as well as medical diagnosis and treatment. The first part of this book focuses on the physics of acoustic waves, and their propagation and addresses viscoelasticity, as well as metrological applications including laser ultrasonics. Part two reviews some recent developments of importance to industrial applications, while the final part introduces developments in biomedical applications.

Ultrasonics. --- Ultrasonic waves. --- Instruments & instrumentation engineering. --- Instrumentation and measurement.