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Concerns about export growth within the euro area peripheral countries due to a lack of competitiveness within the euro area are a key policy issue. Our analysis suggests that: (i) Long-term price elasticities for intra-euro area exports are at least double those for extra-euro area exports, so traditional real effective exchange rate indexes may overstate the effectiveness of euro depreciation in restoring exports growth in the euro area periphery and; (ii) There are surprisingly wide divergences across alternative relative price measures and even when relative price data suggest a steady loss in intra- (and extra-) euro area competitiveness, the pace of deterioration depends on the measure of relative prices used.

Exports --- International trade --- Econometric models. --- Europe --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- European Union countries. --- Exports and Imports --- Finance: General --- Foreign Exchange --- Macroeconomics --- Price Level --- Inflation --- Deflation --- Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook: General --- Empirical Studies of Trade --- Current Account Adjustment --- Short-term Capital Movements --- Trade: General --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Currency --- Foreign exchange --- International economics --- Finance --- Real effective exchange rates --- Competition --- Exchange rates --- Consumer price indexes --- Financial markets --- Prices --- Price indexes --- Germany

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Tariff --- Commercial policy --- Commerce --- Business & Economics --- International Commerce --- Foreign trade policy --- International trade --- International trade policy --- Trade policy --- Economic policy --- International economic relations --- Ad valorem tariff --- Border taxes --- Customs (Tariff) --- Customs duties --- Duties --- Fees, Import --- Import controls --- Import fees --- Tariff on raw materials --- Indirect taxation --- Revenue --- Customs administration --- Favored nation clause --- Non-tariff trade barriers --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- Government policy