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Violent conflict is the multifaceted and cyclical problem that the international community is trying to grapple with. To date, there has been a clear hierarchy concerning what forms of violence are seen to matter most, with political violence that threatens the state taking pole position. In examining this argument, this paper sets out a number of issues relating to security and justice definitions. It will then examine some of the problems associated with placing conflict into a box-set typology: mass violence associated with war and genocide carries unique features but also spawns new challenges which are often being ignored. The paper will then examine in brief some of the measures used by communities, governmental actors and international partners in contending with violence before outlining some key conclusions and recommendations. In reading this paper two further points need be borne in mind: 1) this does not provide a comprehensive overview of violence and security - that is the role of the World Development Report (WDR) itself, and 2) this paper does not present fresh research, but more an overview, along with the other papers in the security-justice series, of some of the key issues confronting policy makers in the domain of security and development.

Accountability --- Armed Forces --- Arms Control --- Children and Youth --- Cocaine --- Conflict and Development --- Corruption --- Corruption & anticorruption Law --- Crime and Society --- Democracies --- Drugs --- Elections --- Extortion --- Financial Management --- Genocide --- Homicide --- Human Rights --- Incarceration --- International Donors --- Judicial Reform --- Judiciary --- Law and Development --- Law Enforcement --- Law Enforcement Systems --- Leadership --- Legal Framework --- Mediation --- Mental Health --- Military Reform --- Needs Assessment --- Organized Crime --- Peacebuilding --- Post Conflict Reconstruction --- Privatization --- Public Health --- Refugees --- Rehabilitation --- Rule of Law --- Social Conflict and Violence --- Social Development --- Sovereignty --- Terrorism --- Transparency --- Violence --- Youth

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Violent conflict is the multifaceted and cyclical problem that the international community is trying to grapple with. To date, there has been a clear hierarchy concerning what forms of violence are seen to matter most, with political violence that threatens the state taking pole position. In examining this argument, this paper sets out a number of issues relating to security and justice definitions. It will then examine some of the problems associated with placing conflict into a box-set typology: mass violence associated with war and genocide carries unique features but also spawns new challenges which are often being ignored. The paper will then examine in brief some of the measures used by communities, governmental actors and international partners in contending with violence before outlining some key conclusions and recommendations. In reading this paper two further points need be borne in mind: 1) this does not provide a comprehensive overview of violence and security - that is the role of the World Development Report (WDR) itself, and 2) this paper does not present fresh research, but more an overview, along with the other papers in the security-justice series, of some of the key issues confronting policy makers in the domain of security and development.

Accountability --- Armed Forces --- Arms Control --- Children and Youth --- Cocaine --- Conflict and Development --- Corruption --- Corruption & anticorruption Law --- Crime and Society --- Democracies --- Drugs --- Elections --- Extortion --- Financial Management --- Genocide --- Homicide --- Human Rights --- Incarceration --- International Donors --- Judicial Reform --- Judiciary --- Law and Development --- Law Enforcement --- Law Enforcement Systems --- Leadership --- Legal Framework --- Mediation --- Mental Health --- Military Reform --- Needs Assessment --- Organized Crime --- Peacebuilding --- Post Conflict Reconstruction --- Privatization --- Public Health --- Refugees --- Rehabilitation --- Rule of Law --- Social Conflict and Violence --- Social Development --- Sovereignty --- Terrorism --- Transparency --- Violence --- Youth

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After years of conflict, there is an opportunity for peace in South Sudan, but an effective economic recovery process must underpin the political settlement. The aim of this work is to inform policy for more productive urban jobs in peacebuilding and recovery in South Sudan and for first steps toward private sector development. To this end, this report studies the main urban centers of South Sudan, with a focus on those that are part of the partnership for recovery and resilience (PfRR). The goal of this report is to inform policy for the first few steps toward peacebuilding and recovery. Findings in this report are based on data analysis on urban jobs, including the self-employed and household activities that are the norm for most workers. This synthesis report summarizes findings from four technical studies on: (i) urban job activities and welfare outcomes, (ii) the macro-economic framework, (iii) markets and market-based agriculture, and (iv) businesses and non-profit organizations. This synthesis report proceeds as follows: part one, introductory section explains objectives and methodology of the research and gives some country context. Part two discusses empirical findings on: (i) challenges of supporting jobs and livelihoods; (ii) the macro-fiscal environment for jobs; (iii) markets and market-linked agriculture; (iv) jobs in businesses and non-profit organizations, and (v) constraints limiting economic activity. A discussion of policy and operational implications including some costing of recovery concludes the report.

Employment --- Employment and Unemployment --- Job Creation --- Labor Markets --- Poverty Reduction --- Social Protections and Labor --- Urban Development --- Urban Economic Development --- Urban Poverty

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This report seeks to apply a social contract framing to development policy and use it to analyze the nature of social contracts in Africa. The work creates a practical framework to allow the wide applicability of a social contract lens to relevant development challenges in specific sectors, countries or regions in the continent.--

Social contract. --- State, The. --- Social integration.