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All humans are equipped with perceptual and articulatory mechanisms which (in healthy humans) allow them to learn to perceive and produce speech. One basic question in psycholinguistics is whether humans share similar underlying processing mechanisms for all languages, or whether these are fundamentally different due to the diversity of languages and speakers. This book provides a cross-linguistic examination of speech comprehension by investigating word recognition in users of different languages. The focus is on how listeners segment the quasi-continuous stream of sounds that they hear into a sequence of discrete words, and how a universal segmentation principle, the Possible Word Constraint, applies in the recognition of Slovak and German.

Grammar, Comparative and general --- Slovak language --- German language --- Compensatory lengthening --- Grammar, Comparative --- German --- Slovak --- Lexicography --- 801.56 --- Slavic languages, Western --- Compensatory lengthening (Phonetics) --- Duration (Phonetics) --- Ashkenazic German language --- Hochdeutsch --- Judaeo-German language (German) --- Judendeutsch language --- Judeo-German language (German) --- Jüdisch-Deutsch language --- Jüdischdeutsch language --- Germanic languages --- 801.56 Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Grammar, Comparative&delete& --- Phonology --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Compensatory lengthening --- Slovak language - Grammar, Comparative - German --- German language - Grammar, Comparative - Slovak --- Slovak language - Lexicography --- German language - Lexicography --- Compensatory lengthening. --- German. --- Slovak. --- Lexicography.

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Recent years have seen an upsurge of interest in the notion of salience in linguistics and related disciplines. While in top-down salience, perceivers endogenously direct their attention to a certain stimulus, in the bottom-up salience, it is the stimulus itself which attracts attention. In prototypical cases of bottom-up salience, the stimulus stands out because it is incongruous with a given ground by virtue of intrinsic physical characteristics. But a stimulus may also cause surprise by virtue of deviating from a cognitive ground, e.g., when violating social or probabilistic expectations. This has prompted researchers to examine the relationship between expectations and the perceptual salience of linguistic stimuli in new ways. This e-book features contributions from different scientific frameworks. The reader will find commentaries, reviews, and original research articles on models of sociolinguistic and morphological salience, the role of attention, affect, and predictability, and on how salient items are processed, categorized and learned. Taken together, the articles in this volume contribute to our understanding of how the perceptual salience of linguistic forms and variants can be theoretically framed and methodologically operationalized in different areas of linguistic processing.

Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- salience --- Language variation and change --- language learning --- surprisal --- morphology --- prediction --- Dialects --- social markers