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North Scandinavian bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) differ from south Scandinavian conspecifics both in population dynamics and in activity, social behaviour, density-related sensitivity in sexual maturation and in reproduction. Some ecologists think that cyclically fluctuating rodents are particularly aggressive, at least in certain cycle phases. This hypothesis was tested in dyadic encounters between animals from southern and northern Sweden, respectively. Univariate analyses showed significant differences between regions in four separate behavioural traits, but not in behaviour related to aggression. Laboratory breeding for several generations did not affect the level of aggressivity. Multivariate analyses revealed two main components of activity and sociability, both with regional variation. Activity components (also including "freezing" behaviour) were chiefly related to age while sociability showed mainly regional variation. Differences observed may be due to the geographic location or earlier cyclicity, as the cyclic pattern was weak at the time when the test animals were sampled. An adaptation to high-density situations appears likely as the sympatric field vole (Microtus agrestis) shows similar regional differences although it lives in a different habitat. Cyclic animals appear to disperse at increasing densities while non-cyclic animals show clumped distributions

Activity. --- Adaptation. --- Age. --- Aggression. --- Aggressive. --- Animal. --- Animals. --- Bank vole. --- Bank voles. --- Behaviour. --- Breeding. --- Clethrionomys-glareolus. --- Conspecific. --- Cyclicity. --- Density. --- Field. --- Food. --- Generations. --- Laboratory. --- Level. --- Maturation. --- Model. --- Pattern. --- Population dynamics. --- Population. --- Populations. --- Regional differences. --- Reproduction. --- Rodent. --- Rodents. --- Schreber. --- Sensitivity. --- Sexual maturation. --- Sexual-maturation. --- Sexual. --- Situations. --- Social behaviour. --- Social. --- Test. --- Time. --- Variation. --- Vole. --- Voles,dyadic encounter,cyclicity,sociability,distribution. --- Voles.

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