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This paper assesses the competition among retail banking institutions in Norway using data for the period 2000-2005. I investigate two questions regarding the nature of the competition. First, I estimate an equilibrium market structure model that endogenizes the banks' entry decisions of two possible types: savings banks and commercial banks. By using the observed market structure and a game-theoretic specification of the banks entry behavior, I identify the parameters in an underlying profit function. Second, I estimate a dynamic entry model taking sunk costs into account. The results indicate that there are strong competitive effects between the two types, however, I can not reject that they in fact compete as homogeneous firms. Furthermore, the results of the dynamic model indicates that sunk entry costs plays an important role in the banks' entry decisions and that competition intensifies with entry.
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Preface -- Introduction -- Inspiration -- Stakeholder views -- Methodology development -- Mapping of initiatives -- Assessment -- Plan for a Nordic Roadmap -- Conclusions -- References -- Feedback from stakeholders on "inspiration"--Eco-label quality requirements -- Report from the Global Leadership in Sustainable Apparel Symposium -- Mapping results -- Project call text Abstract: This report responds to an invitation from the Nordic Council of Ministers to map out Nordic initiatives within textiles as a pre-study to the initiation of a Nordic Roadmap for Sustainable Textiles in 2015. The work has been conducted by:SIFO - National Institute for Consumer Research (Norway)SFA - Sustainable Fashion Academy (Sweden)NFA - Nordic Fashion Association/nicefashion.org (Nordic)IVL - Swedish Environmental Research Institute (Sweden)CRI - Copenhagen Resource Institute (Denmark)Nordic Committee of Senior Officials for Environmental Affairs (EK-M) has been responsible for the funding of this project. The project@0394@03C3s steering committee consists of representatives from members from the working groups; Nordic Chemicals Group (NKG), the Nordic Waste Group (NAG) and the Group of sustainable consumption and production (SCP) and officers from the Environmental Protection Agency in Denmark. This steering Group is jointly responsible for the direction and decisions regarding the project. NAG has been coordinating the work. Coordinator of project has been Yvonne Augustsson from the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
Environmental management. --- Sustainable development. --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Environmental aspects --- Textile industry --- Textile industry and fabrics --- Textiles industry --- Manufacturing industries --- E-books
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