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Book
Creating Sustainable Fiscal Space for Infrastructure : The Case of Tanzania
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 1451915675 1462360831 1451871147 1282842072 9786612842078 1452751099 Year: 2008 Volume: WP/08/256 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund,

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Abstract

A common dilemma facing governments around the world is how to meet the sizeable fiscal costs of providing and maintaining infrastructure networks. Over the past decade, developed and developing countries have looked to fiscal rules, budgetary reforms, tax policy and administration measures, public-private partnerships and other innovative financial instruments to raise additional finance for infrastructure investment. This paper looks at the range of options for raising the financing to meet Tanzania's infrastructure needs. It begins with a brief survey of the evidence on the relationship between infrastructure, public investment, and economic growth, and then goes on to consider the case for additional infrastructure investment in Tanzania. The second part of the paper looks at five broad options for mobilizing additional resources to meet Tanzania's infrastructure needs: (i) direct private investment and PPPs, (ii) expenditure reprioritization and efficiency, (iii) domestic revenue mobilization, (iv) external grants and concessional financing, and (v) sovereign borrowing on domestic or international credit markets. The paper concludes with some general recommendations on what combination of the above approaches might be suitable for Tanzania.


Book
Is Social Spending Procyclical?
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 146237591X 1455254703 1283566389 1455209929 9786613878830 Year: 2010 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund,

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Abstract

This paper studies the cyclical behavior of public spending on health and education in 150 countries during 1987 - 2007. It finds that spending on education and health is procyclical in developing countries and acyclical in developed countries. In addition, education and health expenditures follow an asymmetric pattern in developing countries; they are procyclical during periods of positive output gap and acyclical during periods of negative output gap. Furthermore, the degree of cyclicality is higher the lower the level of economic development.


Book
Tanzania : The Story of an African Transition
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 1462383432 1452747296 Year: 2009 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund,

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Abstract

This volume documents Tanzania’s remarkable turnaround from severe economic distress in 1985, and reviews the economic policies that twenty years later contributed to a successful reversal. Tanzania still faces many policy and reform challenges, despite the many recent economic achievements the country has experienced.

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