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"In Modern Middle-Class Housing in Tehran - Reproduction of an Archetype, Rana Habibi offers an engaging analysis of the modern urban history of Tehran during the Cold War period: 1945-1979. The book, while arguing about the institutionalism of modernity in the form of modern middle-class housing in Tehran, shows how vernacular archetypes found their way into the construction of new neighborhoods. The trajectory of ideal modernism towards popular modernism, the introduction of modern taste to traditional society through architects, while tracing the path of transnational models in local projects, are all subjects extensively expounded by Rana Habibi through engaging graphical analyses and appealing theoretical interpretations involving five modern Tehran neighborhoods"--

Housing --- Cities and towns --- Middle class --- 711.4(5-15) --- <55> --- <55> Iran --- Iran --- Affordable housing --- Homes --- Houses --- Housing needs --- Residences --- Slum clearance --- Urban housing --- City planning --- Dwellings --- Human settlements --- Bourgeoisie --- Commons (Social order) --- Middle classes --- Social classes --- Global cities --- Municipalities --- Towns --- Urban areas --- Urban systems --- Sociology, Urban --- History --- Social aspects --- Social conditions --- Tehran (Iran) --- Teheran (Iran) --- Tihrān (Iran) --- Te-hei-lan (Iran) --- Baladīyah-i Ṭihrān (Iran) --- Shahrdārī-i Tihrān (Iran) --- Teheran --- تهران (Iran) --- Дыхьэрэн (Iran) --- Dykhʹėrėn (Iran) --- طهران (Iran) --- Горад Тэгеран (Iran) --- Horad Tėheran (Iran) --- Тэгеран (Iran) --- Техеран (Iran) --- Tekheran (Iran) --- Тегеран (Iran) --- Tegeran (Iran) --- Τεχεράνη (Iran) --- Techeranē (Iran) --- Teherano (Iran) --- 테헤란 (Iran) --- Тæхран (Iran) --- Tækhran (Iran) --- טהראן (Iran) --- Тегьран (Iran) --- Tegʹran (Iran) --- Teheranum (Iran) --- Teherāna (Iran) --- Teheranas (Iran) --- テヘラン (Iran) --- Tekhḣeran (Iran) --- Tehron (Iran) --- Teerã (Iran) --- Teerão (Iran) --- Teherani (Iran) --- Tahraan (Iran) --- Tăḣran (Iran) --- טעהראן (Iran) --- Teherans (Iran) --- 德黑兰 (Iran) --- Deheilan (Iran) --- Buildings, structures, etc.

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modern, mass housing, middleclass neighborhoods started to shape in 1946. The production of middle class, mass housing was largely influenced by nation-building and modernization discourses, which was had started in the early 1920s. In order to produce this new type of neighborhood, new institutes and organizations needed to be first established, among them a bank specifically for construction of middle class housing (bank-e sakhtemani) and the Association of Iranian architects. These two organizations, in particular, led the process of design and construction of new neighborhoods during this period. This dissertation focuses on the process and making of these modern neighborhoods in Tehran, from 1945 until the Iranian Revolution in 1979. The modern middle class neighborhoods of Tehran (1945-1979) appeared as an agent of change in terms of social life, economy and urban structure. The new neighborhoods were both a reflection of modern life and a response to a housing shortage and embodied different aspect of modernism and internationalism. The new, modern house, in contrast with the traditional Iranian house, was oriented toward the street and public spaces, with windows placed on this more public side of the house. The spatial division of living spaces - based on imported household commodities and representative of modern life - is one of the most significant elements of the new modern homes. The production of mass housing also contributes to the translation from ideal modernism to popular modernism. It demonstrates how the ideal images of modern neighborhood and dwellings can be transformed by people, resulting in a popular modernism that may differ considerably from the ideal. Production of modern mass housing must deal with existing development models from other countries as well. In this respect, Tehran's mass-housing modernization was a process of adaptation, alternation and localization of imported models. Nevertheless, the main aspects of modern housing were reflected on the neighborhood structure as well, as the new neighborhoods of Tehran came to embody modern Iranian culture. This modern culture, however, was rooted in the indigenous culture at the same time. This dissertation aims to demonstrate how the process of adaptation of modernity unfolded in the context of Tehran, using five modern, middle class neighbourhood case studies: Chaharsad Dastgah (1946), Narmak (1952), Kuy-e Farah (1961), Kuy-e Chaharom-e Aban (1969) and Ekbatan (1975). The five case studies reveal how the modernist grid of Tehran is integrated with the new form of courtyard houses, creating a new structural grid. The impact of modernization on courtyard houses introduced a new housing typology, which remained rooted in the concept of the Iranian garden-house. The five case studies show how the garden-house (built between 1945-1979) compromised the imposed 1930s modern grid of Tehran; the garden-grid subsequentl formed the main structure of the city. This garden-grid is an outcome of the application of modern rules and the archetype of the garden-house, which existed as the main typology in traditional Iranian urbanism. This traditional archetype and modern elements provided for a new urban tissue in Tehran.nbsp; This dissertation also looks at the influence of international models and cultures and how the house and urban neighborhood could be seen as a cultural production. The mixing of ideas, lifestyle, and other socio-economic conditions affected the form of architecture models and urban structures. This process of translation and integration of new models to existing models is, most of the time, a creative and realistic process that can result in culture changes. In Tehran, most of the current developments are based on modern urban rules and structures that were created in this half of the 20th century. In this respect, understanding the features and implications of these urban rules and neighborhood structure is crucial for understanding of contemporary condition of Tehran.