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339 --- International economic relations --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- Interdependence of nations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Economic sanctions --- Handel. Internationale economische betrekkingen. Wereldeconomie --binnenlandse als buitenlandse handel; zie ook {339.3} en {339.5} --- International economic relations. --- 339 Handel. Internationale economische betrekkingen. Wereldeconomie --binnenlandse als buitenlandse handel; zie ook {339.3} en {339.5}

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Public debt has surged during the current global economic crisis and is expected to increase further. This development has raised concerns whether public debt is starting to hit levels where it might negatively affect economic growth. Does such a tipping point in public debt exist? How severe would the impact of public debt be on growth beyond this threshold? What happens if debt stays above this threshold for an extended period of time? The present study addresses these questions with the help of threshold estimations based on a yearly dataset of 101 developing and developed economies spanning a time period from 1980 to 2008. The estimations establish a threshold of 77 percent public debt-to-GDP ratio. If debt is above this threshold, each additional percentage point of debt costs 0.017 percentage points of annual real growth. The effect is even more pronounced in emerging markets where the threshold is 64 percent debt-to-GDP ratio. In these countries, the loss in annual real growth with each additional percentage point in public debt amounts to 0.02 percentage points. The cumulative effect on real GDP could be substantial. Importantly, the estimations control for other variables that might impact growth, such as the initial level of per-capita-GDP.

Capital flow --- Central banks --- Debt explosions --- Debt intolerance --- Debt management --- Debt Markets --- Debt overhang --- Debt problem --- Debt ratio --- Debt ratios --- Debt threshold --- Debt thresholds --- Deficits --- Domestic financial markets --- Economic Theory & Research --- Emerging Markets --- External Debt --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Financial crisis --- GDP --- Government debt --- International Economics and Trade --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Private Sector Development --- Public debt --- Public Sector Development --- Public Sector Economics --- Real GDP --- Sovereign debt

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