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Spirituals performed by jubilee troupes became a sensation in post-Civil War America. First brought to the stage by choral ensembles like the Fisk Jubilee Singers, spirituals anchored a wide range of late 19th-century entertainments, including minstrelsy, variety, and plays by both black and white companies. In this work on postbellum spirituals in theatrical entertainments, Sandra Jean Graham mines a trove of resources to chart the spiritual's journey from the private lives of slaves to the concert stage. Graham navigates the conflicting agendas of those who, in adapting spirituals for their own ends, sold conceptions of racial identity to their patrons.

African Americans --- Jubilee singers. --- Minstrel shows --- Spirituals (Songs) --- Musicians --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- African American spirituals --- Afro-American spirituals --- Negro spirituals --- Folk songs, English --- Hymns, English --- African American minstrel shows --- Blackfaced minstrel shows --- Negro minstrel shows --- African Americans in the performing arts --- Revues --- Vaudeville --- Blackface entertainers --- Music --- History anc criticism. --- History --- History and criticism. --- Blackface --- Racism against Black people --- Anti-Black racism --- Antiblack racism --- Racism against Blacks --- Black people --- Impersonation --- American minstrelsy --- Minstrelsy --- Minstrelsy, American