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This Brief presents a historical overview of the Förster-type nonradiative energy transfer and a compilation of important progress in FRET research, starting from Förster until today, along with a summary of the current state-of-the-art. Here the objective is to provide the reader with a complete account of important milestones in FRET studies and FRET applications as well as a picture of the current status.

Engineering. --- Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Electric power production. --- Nanotechnology. --- Electrical engineering. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Electrical Engineering. --- Energy Technology. --- Energy transfer. --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Electric power generation --- Electricity generation --- Power production, Electric --- Electric power systems --- Electrification --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Energy storage --- Force and energy --- Transport theory --- Computer engineering. --- Energy Systems. --- Computers --- Design and construction --- Energy systems. --- Microtechnology. --- Microelectromechanical systems. --- Microsystems and MEMS. --- Nanophysics. --- Electrical and Electronic Engineering. --- Electrical Power Engineering. --- Mechanical Power Engineering. --- MEMS (Microelectromechanical systems) --- Micro-electro-mechanical systems --- Micro-machinery --- Microelectromechanical devices --- Micromachinery --- Micromachines --- Micromechanical devices --- Micromechanical systems --- Electromechanical devices --- Microtechnology --- Mechatronics --- Micro-technology --- Microtechnologies

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This Brief presents a complete study of the generalized theory of Förster-type energy transfer in nanostructures with mixed dimensionality. Here the aim is to obtain a generalized theory of FRET including a comprehensive set of analytical equations for all combinations and configurations of nanostructures and deriving generic expressions for the dimensionality involved. In this brief, the modification of FRET mechanism with respect to the nanostructure serving as the donor vs. the acceptor will be included, focusing on the rate’s distance dependency and the role of the effective dielectric function in FRET, which will be a unique, useful source for those who study and model FRET.

Nanoscale science. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Energy Technology. --- Engineering. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Electric power production. --- Nanotechnology. --- Electrical engineering. --- Electrical Engineering. --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Electric power generation --- Electricity generation --- Power production, Electric --- Electric power systems --- Electrification --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Energy transfer. --- Energy storage --- Force and energy --- Transport theory --- Computer engineering. --- Energy Systems. --- Computers --- Design and construction --- Energy systems.

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This Brief will focus on the functional uses and applications of FRET, starting with the derivation of FRET in the assemblies of nanostructures and subsequently giving application cases for biologists, physicists, chemists, material scientists, engineers, and those in many other fields whoever would like to FRET as a tool. The goal of this part is therefore to show both specialist and non-specialist how to use and analyze FRET in a wide range of applications.

Chemical structure --- Relation between energy and economics --- Electronics --- Electrical engineering --- Applied physical engineering --- Biotechnology --- Computer. Automation --- nanotechniek --- informatica --- biotechnologie --- energietechniek --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- elektrotechniek --- moleculaire biologie

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This book highlights the theoretical foundations of and experimental techniques in photothermal heating and applications involving nanoscale heat generation using gold nanostructures embedded in various media. The experimental techniques presented involve a combination of nanothermometers doped with rare-earth atoms, plasmonic heaters and near-field microscopy. The theoretical foundations are based on the Maxwell’s and heat diffusion equations. In particular, the working principle and application of AlGaN:Er3+ film, Er2O3 nanoparticles and β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanocrystals for nanothermometry based on Er3+ emission are discussed. The relationship between superheated liquid and bubble formation for optically excited nanostructures and the effects of the surrounding medium and solution properties on light absorption and scattering are presented. The application of Er2O3 and β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanocrystals to study the temperature of optically heated gold nanoparticles is also presented. In closing, the book presents a new thermal imaging technique combining near-field microscopy and Er3+ photoluminescence spectroscopy to monitor the photothermal heating and steady-state sub-diffraction local temperature of optically excited gold nanostructures.

Surfaces (Physics). --- Engineering. --- Spectroscopy. --- Nanochemistry. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Spectroscopy/Spectrometry. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Nanoscale chemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Nanoscience --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectroscopy --- Interferometry --- Optics --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Physics --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Qualitative --- Analytical chemistry --- Spectrometry

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This book highlights the theoretical foundations of and experimental techniques in photothermal heating and applications involving nanoscale heat generation using gold nanostructures embedded in various media. The experimental techniques presented involve a combination of nanothermometers doped with rare-earth atoms, plasmonic heaters and near-field microscopy. The theoretical foundations are based on the Maxwell’s and heat diffusion equations. In particular, the working principle and application of AlGaN:Er3+ film, Er2O3 nanoparticles and β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanocrystals for nanothermometry based on Er3+ emission are discussed. The relationship between superheated liquid and bubble formation for optically excited nanostructures and the effects of the surrounding medium and solution properties on light absorption and scattering are presented. The application of Er2O3 and β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanocrystals to study the temperature of optically heated gold nanoparticles is also presented. In closing, the book presents a new thermal imaging technique combining near-field microscopy and Er3+ photoluminescence spectroscopy to monitor the photothermal heating and steady-state sub-diffraction local temperature of optically excited gold nanostructures.

Optics. Quantum optics --- Physics --- Surface chemistry --- Chemical structure --- Theoretical spectroscopy. Spectroscopic techniques --- Chemistry --- Materials sciences --- Electronics --- Applied physical engineering --- Biotechnology --- moleculen --- materiaalkennis --- oppervlakte-onderzoek --- nanotechniek --- chemie --- spectroscopie --- biotechnologie --- microscopie --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- atomen --- spectrometrie