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Globalization has transformed how nations, firms and workers compete in the international economy over the past half century. This book by Gary Gereffi, one of the founders of the Global Value Chains (GVC) framework, traces the emergence of arguably the most influential approach used to analyze globalization and its impacts. It studies the conceptual foundations of GVC analysis, the twin pillars of 'governance' and 'upgrading', along with detailed case studies of China, Mexico and other emerging economies as main beneficiaries of export-oriented industrialization, and addresses potential solutions to the deleterious impact of globalization on workers and communities.

Industries. --- Labor. --- Technological innovations --- Economic development. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Labor and laboring classes --- Manpower --- Work --- Working class --- Industrial production --- Industry --- Economic aspects. --- Industries, Primitive

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Developing countries: economic development problems --- Asia

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Industrial economics --- Applied marketing --- Economic order --- International economic relations --- Economic production --- Trade theory --- Commercial products --- Commerciële producten --- Competition [International ] --- Concurrence internationale --- Concurrentie [Internationale ] --- Consumer products --- Consumers' goods --- Division internationale du travail --- International competition --- International division of labor --- Internationale arbeidsverdeling --- Internationale concurrentie --- Koopwaren --- Manufactured goods --- Manufactured products --- Manufactures --- Maquiladoras --- Marchandises --- Merchandise --- Offshore arbeidsvergadering --- Offshore assembly industry --- Producten --- Products --- Products [Commercial] --- Products [Manufactured ] --- Produits commerciaux --- Produits manufacturés --- #SBIB:33H072 --- #SBIB:33H14 --- Wereldmarkten --- Macro-economische analyse --- Competition, International --- International business enterprises --- Assembly industry, Offshore --- Export assembly industry --- In-bond industry --- Maquila plants --- Maquiladora industry --- Maquilas --- Offshore manufacturing --- Outsourcing (International trade) --- Overseas assembly industry --- Twin plant industry --- Export processing zones --- Products, Manufactured --- Manufacturing industries --- International specialization --- Division of labor --- Comparative advantage (International trade) --- World economics --- International relations --- International trade --- War --- Commodities --- Economic goods --- Products, Commercial --- Commodity exchanges --- Substitute products --- Management --- Economic aspects --- Contracting out

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This paper examines the impact of two crises on the global apparel value chain: the World Trade Organization phase-out of the quota system for textiles and apparel in 2005, which provided access for many poor and small export-oriented economies to the markets of industrialized countries, and the current economic recession that has lowered demand for apparel exports and led to massive unemployment across the industry's supply chain. An overarching trend has been the process of global consolidation, whereby leading apparel suppliers (countries and firms alike) have strengthened their positions in the industry. On the country side, China has been the big winner, although Bangladesh, India, and Vietnam have also continued to expand their roles in the industry. On the firm side, the quota phase-out and economic recession have accelerated the ongoing shift to more streamlined global supply chains, in which lead firms desire to work with fewer, larger, and more capable suppliers that are strategically located around the world. The paper concludes with recommendations for how developing countries as well as textile and apparel suppliers can adjust to the crisis.

Access to Markets --- Brand --- Domestic market --- Domestic markets --- Economic Theory & Research --- Emerging markets --- Export markets --- Finished product --- Free Trade --- International Economics and Trade --- International trade --- Labor Policies --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Market share --- Marketing --- Markets and Market Access --- Purchasing --- Retail --- Sale --- Sales --- Social Protections and Labor --- Spread --- Substitution --- Substitution effect --- Supplier --- Suppliers --- Supply chain --- Supply chains

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This paper examines the impact of two crises on the global apparel value chain: the World Trade Organization phase-out of the quota system for textiles and apparel in 2005, which provided access for many poor and small export-oriented economies to the markets of industrialized countries, and the current economic recession that has lowered demand for apparel exports and led to massive unemployment across the industry's supply chain. An overarching trend has been the process of global consolidation, whereby leading apparel suppliers (countries and firms alike) have strengthened their positions in the industry. On the country side, China has been the big winner, although Bangladesh, India, and Vietnam have also continued to expand their roles in the industry. On the firm side, the quota phase-out and economic recession have accelerated the ongoing shift to more streamlined global supply chains, in which lead firms desire to work with fewer, larger, and more capable suppliers that are strategically located around the world. The paper concludes with recommendations for how developing countries as well as textile and apparel suppliers can adjust to the crisis.

Access to Markets --- Brand --- Domestic market --- Domestic markets --- Economic Theory & Research --- Emerging markets --- Export markets --- Finished product --- Free Trade --- International Economics and Trade --- International trade --- Labor Policies --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Market share --- Marketing --- Markets and Market Access --- Purchasing --- Retail --- Sale --- Sales --- Social Protections and Labor --- Spread --- Substitution --- Substitution effect --- Supplier --- Suppliers --- Supply chain --- Supply chains