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L'objectif de cet article est de discuter des grands courants théoriques concernant la violence religieuse et le contrôle social. Le but est de montrer qu'il n'y a pas de consensus théorique sur la nature intrinsinquement violente de la religion, mais qu'il reste toujours possible de montrer que certains comportements religieux mènent parfois à la violence. La première partie de l'article sera consacrée à l'exposition et la discussion de plusieurs théories récentes concernant la religion, la violence et aussi le terrorisme à base d'idéologie religieuse. Cette discussion servira à montrer que la violence religieuse est non seulement une forme de résistance, mais aussi une tentative de contrôle social. La deuxième partie du texte vise à montrer que cette résistance et ce contrôle social sont, plus souvent qu'autrement, de nature symbolique. L'hypothèse avancée dans cet article est que la résistance et le contrôle social exercé par la religion puisent une force réelle dans la puissance des symboles.
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Violence --- Prevention. --- History.
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This article is a partial response to the problems of the theorizing of religion and globalization that have arisen in recent studies about the subject. I am seeking to open the discussion about the theorizing of religion in the Global Age through the development of a typological analysis centered on the different religious positions in the Global Age. I will expose the four major religious positions that are an integral part of the Global Age, in the following order : intransigent, conservative, pluralist and relativist. In each case, I will make a brief description of the positions, followed by empirical reflections on them. The object of this research is to develop an operationalizable tool of analysis of religion in the context of the diverse globalization processes.
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The main objective of this article is to illustrate the unceasing relevance of the link between Catholic conservatism and French Canadian identity, especially in the cases of the French minorities in the provinces of New-Brunswick and Manitoba, and, more surprisingly, in the province of Quebec. The ongoing value of this link is illustrated by a comparative study of the reactions of these three French communities to immigration and to the secular state's legal obligation to provide reasonable accommodation towards a number of religious demands. More generally, these case studies will show the importance of religion, not only as an identity factor, but also as an identity marker.
Religion --- Philosophy.
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