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Design is a conceptive activity which is usually presented as a sensible, sequential process and action. This book claims that design cannot be reduced to the rational, effective planning and organization that most models (such as design thinking) present.  The author suggests another type of rationality which is based on what the humanities call aesthetics, writing, composition, and style: a rationality based in imaginary elaboration and coherence. The chapters, therefore, demonstrate that design practice is about creating not only functional tools, but planes of reflections that challenge norms.  To support this claim, this book analyzes research programs, art works, and design projects that produced new information and communication technologies (ICT). This is detailed using examples in each chapter. From these examples, two types of conclusions are derived: a first level considers the lessons that we can draw from these examples in terms of design practice while the second level starts a theoretical discussion based on these analyses of use cases.  The goal is to develop an understanding of conception in its different forms. This book brings the use of these neglected methods to the foreground as a way to explicate the design process. Taking into consideration the humanities within design contributes to the discussion on pluridisciplinarity. The book posits that design as a historical and situated activity is a truly multidisciplinary endeavor that bridges the gap between engineering sciences and the humanities.

Architectural design. --- Humanities. --- Architecture and society. --- Architecture --- Architecture and sociology --- Society and architecture --- Sociology and architecture --- Learning and scholarship --- Classical education --- Design --- Structural design --- Social aspects --- Human factors --- Philosophy. --- Information systems. --- Engineering design. --- Philosophy of Technology. --- Computer Appl. in Arts and Humanities. --- Engineering Design. --- Design, Engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial design --- Strains and stresses --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Application software. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Technology --- Digital humanities. --- Digital Humanities. --- Technology and civilization

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Qu’est-ce qu’une architecture de réseau distribuée ? Trivialement on parlera de pair-à-pair. D’un point de vue technique, on évoquera une organisation faite d’unités de calcul multiples, de partage de ressources, d’absence de point unique d’échec, de flexibilité et souplesse. En bref, des principes qui sont à l’origine du modèle de l’internet. Le web s’en est aujourd’hui largement éloigné mais les modalités du P2P ont et continuent d’inspirer nombre d’applications, de Napster à Bitcoin. En effet, ces modèles décentralisés, dont la coopération est le principe de base, reconfigurent la chaîne de valeur, les droits des utilisateurs, le pouvoir des fournisseurs de service, la répartition des compétences et des ressources. Ils offrent donc une alternative puissante à la centralisation actuelle du web. Cet ouvrage fournit un instrument agile, clair et interdisciplinaire pour mieux comprendre les architectures distribuées et leurs enjeux. Sous la forme d’un abécédaire, il réunit des présentations de cas pratiques, des analyses des acteurs et des enjeux, dans une perspective informée par les sciences économiques, sociologiques et juridiques.

Communication --- traitement réparti --- architecture des réseaux d'ordinateurs --- systèmes informatiques --- mesures de sûreté