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Operational research. Game theory --- Measuring methods in physics --- Chemical laboratory practice --- Production management --- procescontrole --- laboratoriuminstrumenten --- meetkundige instrumenten --- stochastische analyse --- kwaliteitscontrole --- kansrekening --- micro-elektronica --- elektrische meettechniek

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This book provides a detailed discussion and commentary on the fundamentals of metrology. The fundamentals of metrology, the principles underlying the design of the SI International System of units, the theory of measurement error, a new methodology for estimation of measurement accuracy based on uncertainty, and methods for reduction of measured results and estimation of measurement uncertainty are all discussed from a modern point of view. The concept of uncertainty is shown to be consistent with the classical theory of accuracy. The theory of random measurement errors is supplemented by a very general description based on the generalized normal distribution; systematic instrumental error is described in terms of a methodology for normalizing the metrological characteristics of measuring instruments. A new international system for assuring uniformity of measurements based on agreements between national metrological institutes is discussed, in addition to the role and procedure for performance of key comparisons between national standards. The conclusion describes a new methodology for assurance of measurement accuracy (based on the provisions contained in the ISO 5725-series standards) that is now becoming more and more common around the world. All of the theoretical statements and calculation methods are illustrated using examples. This book will be of interest to personnel working in government metrological services (or in the metrological services of legal entities), and to specialists who use measuring instruments or make use of measured data in their daily activities It will be useful to students at technical universities when studying the academic disciplines of Metrology, Standardization, and Certification; Metrology and Measurement Assurance; and Metrology and Measuring Instruments.

Operational research. Game theory --- Measuring methods in physics --- Chemical laboratory practice --- Production management --- procescontrole --- laboratoriuminstrumenten --- meetkundige instrumenten --- stochastische analyse --- kwaliteitscontrole --- kansrekening --- micro-elektronica --- elektrische meettechniek

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Human sciences (algemeen)

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The book deals with collective and stochastic processes in astrophysical discs involving theory, observations, and the results of modelling. Among others, it examines the spiral-vortex structure in galactic and accretion disks , stochastic and ordered structures in the developed turbulence. It also describes sources of turbulence in the accretion disks, internal structure of disk in the vicinity of a black hole, numerical modelling of Be envelopes in binaries, gaseous disks in spiral galaxies with shock waves formation, observation of accretion disks in a binary system and mass distribution of luminous matter in disk galaxies. The editors adaptly brought together collective and stochastic phenomena in the modern field of astrophysical discs, their formation, structure, and evolution involving the methodology to deal with, the results of observation and modelling, thereby advancing the study in this important branch of astrophysics and benefiting Professional Researchers, Lecturers, and Graduate Students.

Disks (Astrophysics) --- Astrophysics --- Computer science. --- Mathematical physics. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Models and Principles. --- Mathematical Modeling and Industrial Mathematics. --- Mathematical Methods in Physics. --- Complex Systems. --- Physical mathematics --- Physics --- Informatics --- Science --- Mathematics --- Astrophysics. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Computers. --- Mathematical models. --- Physics. --- Statistical physics. --- Dynamical systems. --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Cybernetics --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Dynamical systems --- Kinetics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Force and energy --- Mechanics --- Statics --- Mathematical statistics --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Models, Mathematical --- Simulation methods --- Statistical methods