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How and why are languages constantly changing? Historical lingustics seeks to find out by going beyond the history of individual languages to discover the general principles which underlie language change. But our evidence is severely limited. Most of the world's languages are still unwritten, and even in areas with long written traditions, such as Europe and the Near East, documentary evidence stretches only a little way back along the path of the historical development of languages. How, then, can we uncover our long linguistic prehistory, and what can it tell us about language change? This new textbook is an accessible general guide for students with an elementary knowledge of linguistics to the methods and theoretical bases of linguistic reconstruction, and of newer, less well established principles such as the application of linguistic universals and language typology, and quantitative techniques. Finally he reviews the principles for establishing language relationships and for uncovering information about the homelands and cultures of the prehistoric speakers of reconstructed languages.

Historical linguistics --- Comparative linguistics --- Reconstruction (Linguistics) --- Typology (Linguistics) --- Linguistique comparée --- Linguistique historique --- Reconstruction (Linguistique) --- Typologie (Linguistique) --- Methodology --- Méthodologie --- -Comparative linguistics --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Language and languages --- Linguistic typology --- Linguistics --- Linguistic universals --- Internal reconstruction (Linguistics) --- Protolanguages --- Comparative philology --- Philology, Comparative --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and history --- Typology --- Classification --- History --- Comparative linguistics. --- Methodology. --- Reconstruction (Linguistics). --- Typology (Linguistics). --- Linguistique comparée --- Méthodologie --- Reconstruction linguistique --- Méthode comparative. --- Méthode comparative.

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This overall view of the nature of prosodic features of language - accent, stress, rhythm, tone, pitch, and intonation - shows how these connect to sound systems and meaning.

Phonetics --- -Prosodic analysis (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Multidimensional phonology --- Polysystemic phonology --- Prosodic phonology --- Speaking styles --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Language and languages --- Philosophical grammar --- Phonology --- Grammar, Comparative --- Prosodic analysis (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Phonology. --- English language --- Anglais (Langue) --- Prosodic analysis --- Analyse prosodique --- Philology --- 801.4 --- 801.4 Fonetiek. Fonologie --- Fonetiek. Fonologie --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Phonology. --- Grammar, Comparative and general Phonology

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801.4 --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- -Prosodic analysis (Linguistics) --- Multidimensional phonology --- Polysystemic phonology --- Prosodic phonology --- Speaking styles --- Linguistics --- Phonetics --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Language and languages --- Philosophical grammar --- Philology --- 801.4 Fonetiek. Fonologie --- Fonetiek. Fonologie --- Phonology --- Grammar, Comparative --- Prosodie (linguistique) --- Prosodic analysis (Linguistics) --- Prosodic analysis (Linguistics). --- Phonology.

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PETROLE --- MATIERES UTILES --- ROCHES UTILES --- GEOLOGIE APPLIQUEE --- GISEMENTS --- TECHNOLOGIE D'EXPLOITATION --- GEOLOGIE APPLIQUEE --- GITOLOGIE GENERALE --- GISEMENTS D'HYDOCARBURES --- ROCHES UTILES --- GISEMENTS --- GITOLOGIE GENERALE --- PETROLE --- MATIERES UTILES --- ROCHES UTILES --- GEOLOGIE APPLIQUEE --- GISEMENTS --- TECHNOLOGIE D'EXPLOITATION --- GEOLOGIE APPLIQUEE --- GITOLOGIE GENERALE --- GISEMENTS D'HYDOCARBURES --- ROCHES UTILES --- GISEMENTS --- TECHNOLOGIE D'EXPLOITATION --- GITOLOGIE GENERALE --- GISEMENTS D'HYDOCARBURES --- PETROLE