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Cet essai se penche sur les usages politiques des mémoires de la Commune. L'auteur montre ces mémoires sont plurielles et conflictuelles et comment chacun investit cet événement complexe de ses propres attentes, étroitement liées aux enjeux politiques du temps.

Paris (France) --- History --- Politics and government. --- Histoire --- Administration --- Mémoire collective --- Aspect politique --- Paris --- Influence --- Influence.

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"Défini comme l'opposition systématique à l'institution militaire, mais bien distinct du pacifisme, l’antimilitarisme naît avec les mutations de la guerre, le renforcement de l’État, le resserrement des liens qui pèsent sur la société. Idéologie militante pour certains, qui le revendiquent jusqu’à l’engagement insurrectionnel, il n’est qu’une émotion mineure pour d’autres, dégoûtés par la caserne ou l’uniforme. Il désigne en tout cas un continuum de pratiques variées dont ce livre analyse les formes et les enjeux, les développements et les reflux, afin d’éclairer d’un jour nouveau l’envers de la construction de l’État. Car l’étude de l’antimilitarisme révèle l’existence de différentes conceptions de la modernité politique et culturelle et permet d’en questionner les confrontations.Souvent étudié dans une perspective militante, l’antimilitarisme n’est plus aujourd’hui au centre du débat public, il est donc temps d’en écrire l’histoire. Fruit de recherches pionnières et discutées collectivement, ce livre offre la première synthèse scientifique sur la question, sans équivalent international. Mobilisant trente-cinq spécialistes des XIXe et XXe siècles, il articule un récit d’ensemble continu et rythmé avec des éclairages détaillés mettant en valeur la diversité des acteurs, des événements et des espaces, prenant en compte la dimension impériale et ouvrant des pistes de comparaison internationale."--

Pacifism. --- Antimilitarisme

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Antitrust law --- Judicial review --- Competition, Unfair --- Court of Justice of the European Communities --- Rules and practice.

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“Prof Pincetl and colleagues have compiled a valuable and insightful study on constructing the Southern California Energy Atlas, a unique and world leading resource. This book is informative, instructive, and an essential guide to those seeking to build a knowledge base upon which to take actions supporting the transition of the built environment towards becoming zero-carbon, energy efficient, and resilient.” — Ian Hamilton, Associate Professor,UCL Energy Institute,London In an era of big data and smart cities, this book is an innovative and creative contribution to our understanding of urban energy use. Societies need energy data in order to understand energy flows and plan for a more sustainable future. However, this data is often either not utilized or not available. Using California as an example, the book describes how to construct a energy data hub for sophisticated, socially-conscious research, and how it may be used to assist local governments and community based organizations to meet their sustainability goals. This methodology maps highly-detailed building energy use to understand patterns of consumption across buildings, neighborhoods, and socioeconomic divisions. The book then details the steps required to replicate this methodology elsewhere, demonstrating the importance of openly-accessible building energy data for transitioning cities to meet the climate planning goals of the twenty-first century. It also explains why actual data, not modeled or sampled data, is critical for accurate analysis and insights. Finally, it acknowledges the complex institutional context for this work and some of the obstacles the project has faced – utility reluctance, public agency oversight, funding and path dependencies. This book will be of great value to scholars across the environmental sectors - especially to those studying sustainable urban energy – as well as to practitioners and policy makers in these areas. Stephanie Pincetl is Director of the California Center for Sustainable Communities at the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.She works on complex urban systems and their socio-environmental impacts with an aim to provide actionable science for a just energy transition. .

Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Sociology --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- Relation between energy and economics --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Environmental planning --- Social geography --- energiemanagement (economie) --- ruimtelijke ordening --- sociologie --- steden --- milieubeleid

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Foreign trade policy --- ADR (Dispute resolution) --- Alternative dispute resolution --- Buitenlandse handel [Reglementering van de ] --- Collaborative law --- Commerce extérieur [Réglementation du ] --- Commerce international--Droit et législation --- Commercial policy --- Conflict resolution --- Conflicten (Recht) -- Regeling --- Conflits [Règlement de ] --- Dispute processing --- Dispute resolution (Law) --- Dispute settlement --- Economie --- Europa --- Europe --- Foreign trade regulation --- Handelspolitiek --- International trade--Law and legislation --- Internationale handel--Recht en wetgeving --- Litiges [Règlement de ] --- Législation --- Mécanismes de règlements des conflits --- Politique commerciale --- Pratiques infrajudiciaires --- Rechtsconflicten -- Regeling --- Regeling van conflicten (Recht) --- Règlement alternatif des conflits --- Règlement de conflits (Droit) --- Règlement de litiges --- Règlement des conflits --- Règlement des litiges --- Résolution de conflits (Droit) --- Solution des conflits --- Uruguay Round (1987-1994) --- Wetgeving --- Conflict of laws --- International economic relations --- Arbitrage (Droit international privé) --- Règlement de conflits --- Commerce extérieur --- Relations économiques internationales --- Arbitration and award --- Congresses --- Congrès --- Réglementation --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) --- Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce (Organisation) --- Free trade --- -339.92 GATT --- 341.125 GATT --- AA / International- internationaal --- 334.81 --- Free trade and protection --- Trade, Free --- Trade liberalization --- International trade --- Wereldhandelsorganisatie (WHO). Algemene overeenkomst voor handel en tarieven (GATT). --- Uruguay Round, 1987-1994 --- -Congresses --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- -Congresses. --- Congresses. --- Arbitrage (Droit international privé) --- Règlement de conflits --- Commerce extérieur --- Relations économiques internationales --- Congrès --- Réglementation --- Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce (Organisation) --- 339.92 GATT --- Wereldhandelsorganisatie (WHO). Algemene overeenkomst voor handel en tarieven (GATT) --- Uruguay Round --- Cycle d'Uruguay --- Gyros Ourougouaēs --- Gyros tēs Ourougouaēs --- Jawlat Ūrūjuwāy --- Multilateral Trade Negotiations, the Uruguay Round --- Negociaciones Comerciales Multilaterales, Ronda Uruguay --- Négociations commerciales multilatérales, Cycle d'Uruguay --- Putaran Uruguay --- Ronda Uruguay --- Rō̜p ʻUrukwai --- Uruguai Raundŭ --- Uruguay Round of MTNs --- Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations --- Uruguay Runde --- Urugwai Raundŭ --- Wu-la-kuei hui ho