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ex situ conservation --- in situ conservation --- molecular markers --- plant genetic resources
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This volume illustrates how new techniques in biotechnology are being applied to plant genetic resources, particularly genetic diversity and conservation, and evaluates the effects and potential impact.
Germplasm resources, Plant. --- Plant biotechnology. --- Genetic resources conservation. --- Germplasm --- Biotechnologie végétale --- Plant biotechnology --- Génétique des populations --- population genetics --- Méthode d'amélioration génétique --- breeding methods --- Génie génétique --- genetic engineering --- 631.526 --- 631.523 --- Genetic resources conservation --- Germplasm resources, Plant --- #ABIB:atte --- Crop biotechnology --- Crops --- Plants --- Agricultural biotechnology --- Conservation of plant genetic resources --- Conservation of plant germplasm resources --- Plant genetic resources --- Plant germplasm resources --- Plants, Cultivated --- Germplasm resources --- Conservation of germplasm resources --- Germplasm conservation --- Germplasm resource conservation --- Conservation of natural resources --- Groups and types of cultivated plants. Genetic resources --- Applied genetics --- Biotechnology --- Germplasm resources conservation. --- 631.523 Applied genetics --- 631.526 Groups and types of cultivated plants. Genetic resources --- Germplasm resources conservation
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Climat --- climate --- Ressource génétique --- genetic resources --- Plante --- plants --- Zone tropicale --- Tropical zones --- Zone tempérée --- Temperate zones --- Effet de serre --- greenhouse effect --- Agriculture --- agriculture --- Changement climatique --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes. --- Crops and climate. --- Crops --- Germplasm resources, Plant. --- Vegetation and climate. --- Plant and Crop Sciences. Plant Breeding and Genetics --- Basic Sciences. Meteorology --- Germplasm resources. --- Plant Genetic Resources, Gene Banks --- Climatology --- Climatic Change --- Plant Genetic Resources, Gene Banks. --- Climatic Change. --- agriculture.
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It is a distressing truism that the human race during the last millennium has caused the exponential loss of plant genetic diversity throughout the world. This has had direct and negative economic, political and social consequences for the human race, which at the same time has failed to exploit fully the positive benefits that might result from conserving and exploiting the world's plant genetic resources. However, a strong movement to halt this loss of plant diversity and enhance its utilisation for the benefit of all humanity has been underway since the 1960's (Frankel and Bennett, 1970; Frankel and Hawkes, 1975). This initiative was taken up by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD, 1992) that not only expounds the need to conserve biological diversity but links conservation to exploitation and development for the benefit of all. Article 8 of the Convention clearly states the need to develop more effective and efficient guidelines to conserve biological diversity, while Article 9, along with the FAO International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources, promotes the adoption of a complementary approach to conservation that incorporates both ex situ and in situ techniques.
Ressource végétale --- Plant resources --- Biodiversité --- Biodiversity --- Plante sauvage --- Wild plants --- Plante de culture --- Crops --- Conservation des ressources --- Resource conservation --- Germplasm --- Pool de gènes --- Gene pools --- Évaluation --- evaluation --- Contexte économique --- economic environment --- Traitement des données --- Data processing --- Analyse de données --- Data analysis --- Étude de cas --- case studies --- Oryza --- Triticum --- Solanum --- Musa --- Coffea --- Trifolium --- Leucaena --- Orchidaceae --- 631.526 --- 502.753 --- 574.472 --- Groups and types of cultivated plants. Genetic resources --- Protection of individual plant species from extinction, extermination --- CON Bioconservation --- bioconservation --- conservation --- ex situ conservation --- genebanks --- nature conservation --- plant genetic resources --- 574.472 Biodiversity --- 502.753 Protection of individual plant species from extinction, extermination --- 631.526 Groups and types of cultivated plants. Genetic resources --- Germplasm resources conservation --- Germplasm resources, Plant --- Conservation of plant genetic resources --- Conservation of plant germplasm resources --- Plant genetic resources --- Plant germplasm resources --- Plants, Cultivated --- Germplasm resources --- Conservation of germplasm resources --- Genetic resources conservation --- Germplasm conservation --- Germplasm resource conservation --- Conservation of natural resources --- evaluation. --- Plant ecology. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Human genetics. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Plant Ecology. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Human Genetics. --- Plant Sciences. --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Plants --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Botany --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Ecology --- Floristic botany --- Floristic ecology
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The recent development of ideas on biodiversity conservation was already being considered almost three-quarters of a century ago for crop plants and the wild species related to them, by the Russian geneticist N.!. Vavilov. He was undoubtedly the first scientist to understand the impor tance for humankind of conserving for utilization the genetic diversity of our ancient crop plants and their wild relatives from their centres of diversity. His collections showed various traits of adaptation to environ mental extremes and biotypes of crop diseases and pests which were unknown to most plant breeders in the first quarter of the twentieth cen tury. Later, in the 1940s-1960s scientists began to realize that the pool of genetic diversity known to Vavilov and his colleagues was beginning to disappear. Through the replacement of the old, primitive and highly diverse land races by uniform modem varieties created by plant breed ers, the crop gene pool was being eroded. The genetic diversity of wild species was equally being threatened by human activities: over-exploita tion, habitat destruction or fragmentation, competition resulting from the introduction of alien species or varieties, changes and intensification of land use, environmental pollution and possible climate change.
574.472 --- 575.17 --- 502.753 --- 574.472 Biodiversity --- Biodiversity --- 502.753 Protection of individual plant species from extinction, extermination --- Protection of individual plant species from extinction, extermination --- 575.17 Population genetics. Genetic processes in populations --- Population genetics. Genetic processes in populations --- plant population --- genetic resources --- Resource conservation --- Germplasm resources, Plant --- Conservation of plant genetic resources --- Conservation of plant germplasm resources --- Plant genetic resources --- Plant germplasm resources --- Plants, Cultivated --- Germplasm resources --- Germplasm resources, Plant. --- Germplasm resources [Plant ] --- Plant ecology. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Human genetics. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Plant Ecology. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Human Genetics. --- Plant Sciences. --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Plants --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Botany --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Ecology --- Floristic botany --- Floristic ecology --- Crops --- Management. --- Agricultural crops --- Crop plants --- Farm crops --- Industrial crops --- Farm produce --- Agronomy --- Crop science --- Plant products
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