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The contents of the present volume will enhance our understanding of the diachrony of agreement systems and provide a useful starting point for future studies on this both fascinating and intricate field of research.

Grammar, Comparative and general --- Historical linguistics --- Agreement --- Language and languages --- Typology (Linguistics) --- Linguistic change --- Historical linguistics. --- Accord (Linguistique) --- Linguistique historique --- Agreement. --- Agreement (Grammar) --- Concord (Grammar) --- Concord --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and history --- Linguistics --- History --- Case --- Gender --- Number --- Person --- Syntax --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Agreement --- Diachrony.

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Die in diesem Band versammelten Beiträge wenden das aus der kontrastiven Linguistik stammende Konzept des Sprachvergleichs auf die Diachronie an. Ziel ist, dadurch Aussagen zum Sprachwandel zu treffen, die über die Einzelsprache hinausgehende Generalisierungen erlauben. Auch erscheint eine Wandelerscheinung einer bestimmten Sprache vor der Folie vergleichbarer Entwicklungen schärfer konturiert; der Ansatz ermöglicht es somit auch, das Sprachspezifische einer Entwicklung zu erkennen. Sowohl der Vergleich verwandter als auch nicht (näher) verwandter Sprachen erweist sich dabei als lohnend. Beim Vergleich nahe verwandter Sprachsysteme ist die Frage zentral, weshalb sich eine bestimmte Sprache trotz identischer Ausgangslage anders entwickelt hat als die mit ihr nahe verwandte(n) Sprache(n); beim Vergleich nicht näher miteinander verwandter Systeme stellt sich dagegen die Frage, ob Verschiedenheiten in der Entwicklung für die jeweilige Sprachfamilie spezifisch sind. Die Beiträge unternehmen Sprachwandelvergleiche für phonologische, morphologische und syntaktische Phänomene. Die untersuchten Daten stammen v.a. aus der (diachron besonders gut belegten) indogermanischen Familie, daneben werden auch seltener betrachtete Sprachen abgedeckt.

Historical linguistics --- Comparative linguistics --- Linguistic change. --- Language and language --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Variation. --- Language and languages --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Characterology of speech --- Language diversity --- Language subsystems --- Language variation --- Linguistic diversity --- Variation in language --- Change, Linguistic --- Language change --- Grammar, Comparative --- Historical linguistics. --- comparative linguistics. --- language change. --- language contact.

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The volume presents new approaches to explaining word order variation and change in the Germanic languages and thus relates to one of the most prominent and widely discussed topics in the theory of language change and diachronic syntax. The novelty of our approach consists in three main points. First of all, we aim at describing functional variety in the field of word order and verb placement in the early Germanic languages not as a result of language contact, but rather as a language-internal phenomenon related to stylistic and grammatical conditions in information packaging. Second, given that information structure is not directly accessible in texts from historical corpora that are available only in written form and bear no or little information on prosody and intonation, it presents various methods of retrieving information-structural categories in such texts. Third, it presents empirical studies on the relation between word order and information structure of the four main texts of the Old High German period and embeds these results in the wider picture of word order change in Germanic. The volume will be of interest to students of German, English, and general linguistics as well as to researchers interested in diachronic syntax, philology of Older German, language change, information structure, discourse semantics, language typology, computational linguistics, and corpus studies.

Historical linguistics --- Germanic languages --- Syntax --- Word order --- Syntax. --- Word order. --- Grammar --- Langues germaniques --- Ordre des mots --- Syntaxe --- Teutonic languages --- Indo-European languages --- Germanic languages - Syntax --- Germanic languages - Word order --- Historical linguistics. --- germanic languages. --- syntax.

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While variation within individual languages has traditionally been focused upon in sociolinguistics, its relevance for grammatical theory has only recently been acknowledged. On the methodological side, there is an ongoing competition between large-scale statistical analyses and investigations that rely more heavily on introspection and elicited grammaticality judgements. The aim of this volume is to bridge the 'cultural gap' between empirical-variationist and formal-theoretical approaches in linguistics. The volume offers case studies that seek to combine corpus-based and competence-based approaches to the description of variation. In doing so, it opens up new avenues for locating and analyzing variability, both at the level of the individual speaker and between speakers of different dialects and generations. The contributions document the plurality of current research into models of grammatical competence that live up to the challenge of variationist data. More specifically, parameter-based (e.g. Minimalist), constraint-based (e.g. Optimality Theoretic), and usage-based (e.g. Construction Grammar) approaches to variation are discussed. The volume therefore is of interest to a broad public within linguistics, including syntacticians of different theoretical persuasion, morphologists and sociolinguists. While a majority of contributions addresses facets of variation in English and German, the volume also includes variationist studies written by specialists of French, Dutch, Icelandic, and Uralic.

Language and languages --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Sociolinguistics --- Variation --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Sociolinguistics. --- Variation. --- Grammar --- Dialectology --- Variation (Linguistique) --- Grammaire comparée et générale --- Sociolinguistique --- Characterology of speech --- Language diversity --- Language subsystems --- Language variation --- Linguistic diversity --- Variation in language --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Philosophical grammar --- Philology --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects --- Grammar, Comparative --- Language and languages - Variation --- Morphology. --- linguistic theories. --- sociolinguistics. --- syntax. --- variation (language).