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For more than one hundred years, from the last decade of the thirteenth century to the late fourteenth, Paris was the only western European town north of the Mediterranean basin to produce luxury silk cloth. What was the nature of the Parisian silk industry? How did it get there? And what do the answers to these questions tell us? According to Sharon Farmer, the key to the manufacture of silk lies not just with the availability and importation of raw materials but with the importation of labor as well. Farmer demonstrates the essential role that skilled Mediterranean immigrants played in the formation of Paris's population and in its emergence as a major center of luxury production. She highlights the unique opportunities that silk production offered to women and the rise of women entrepreneurs in Paris to the very pinnacles of their profession. The Silk Industries of Medieval Paris illuminates aspects of intercultural and interreligious interactions that took place in silk workshops and in the homes and businesses of Jewish and Italian pawnbrokers. Drawing on the evidence of tax assessments, aristocratic account books, and guild statutes, Farmer explores the economic and technological contributions that Mediterranean immigrants made to Parisian society, adding new perspectives to our understanding of medieval French history, luxury trade, and gendered work.

Silk industry --- Silk manufacturers --- Immigrants --- Emigrants --- Foreign-born population --- Foreign population --- Foreigners --- Migrants --- Persons --- Manufacturers, Silk --- Textile manufacturers --- Silk manufacture and trade --- Textile industry --- History

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Sharon Farmer here investigates the ways in which three medieval communities-the town of Tours, the basilica of Saint-Martin there, and the abbey of Marmoutier nearby-all defined themselves through the cult of Saint Martin. She demonstrates how in the early Middle Ages the bishops of Tours used the cult of Martin, their fourthcentury predecessor, to shape an idealized image of Tours as Martin's town. As the heirs to Martin's see, the bishops projected themselves as the rightful leaders of the community. However, in the late eleventh century, she shows, the canons of Saint-Martin (where the saint's relics resided) and the monks of Marmoutier (which Martin had founded) took control of the cult and produced new legends and rituals to strengthen their corporate interests. Since the basilica and the abbey differed in their spiritualities, structures, and external ties, the canons and monks elaborated and manipulated Martin's cult in quite different ways. Farmer shows how one saint's cult lent itself to these varying uses, and analyzes the strikingly dissimilar Martins that emerged. Her skillful inquiry into the relationship between group identity and cultural expression illuminates the degree to which culture is contested territory. Farmer's rich blend of social history and hagiography will appeal to a wide range of medievalists, cultural anthropologists, religious historians, and urban historians.

Martin, --- Cult --- Basilique Saint-Martin de Tours --- Marmoutier (Abbey : Tours, France) --- History --- Tours (France) --- Church history --- Histoire religieuse --- Christian saints --- History of doctrines --- History. --- Church history. --- Martin, Saint, Bishop of Tours, --- Abbaye de Marmoutier (Tours, France) --- Tours (France). --- Basilique Saint-Martin (Tours, France) --- Saint-Martin (Church : Tours, France) --- Tours. --- Turonum (France) --- Augusta Turonum (France) --- Caesarodunum (France) --- Caesarodunum Turonum (France) --- Martinopolis (France) --- Thoronus (France) --- Thuro (France) --- Thuronum (France) --- Torenorum Civitas (France) --- Toronus (France) --- Turenorum Civitas (France) --- Turonensium Civitas (France) --- Turones (France) --- Turonia (France) --- Turonica Civitas (France) --- Turonium (France) --- Turonorum Civitas (France) --- Civitas Turonum (France) --- Ville de Tours (France) --- Tours (Indre-et-Loire, France) --- Cult. --- Christian saints - Cult - History of doctrines - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Martin, - Saint, Bishop of Tours, - approximately 316-397 - Cult - France - Tours --- Tours (France) - Church history --- Martin, - Saint, Bishop of Tours, - approximately 316-397

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Drawing on a variety of sources from England, France, Italy, the Low Countries, and Iberia, the essays in this volume bring new perspectives to the history of the medieval poor. 0The essays in this volume re-examine two major medieval turning points in the relationship between rich and poor: the revolution in charity of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, and the era of late medieval crises when the vulnerability of the poor increased dramatically and charitable generosity often declined. Drawing on a variety of sources from England, France, the Low Countries, Italy, and Iberia, the contributors to this volume add new perspectives on the agency of the poor, the influence of gendered forms of devotion, parallels in Christian and Jewish representations of the deserving and undeserving poor, and the effect of mendicant piety on the status of the involuntary poor. A broader implication of the volume as a whole is that medieval studies of poverty and wealth need to pay more attention to the role of rulers, ruling elites, and public policy in shaping the experiences of the poor.

History of Europe --- Social policy --- Social problems --- anno 1200-1499 --- anno 1100-1199 --- Discrimination --- Europe --- History --- To 1500 --- Congresses --- Economic conditions --- To 1492 --- Social conditions --- Poverty

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Poverty --- History --- Europe --- Europe --- Economic conditions --- Social conditions

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Civilization, Medieval --- Sex differences --- Sex role --- Social history --- Women --- Gender role --- Sex (Psychology) --- Sex differences (Psychology) --- Social role --- Gender expression --- Sexism --- Gender differences --- Sexual dimorphism in humans --- Sex differentiation --- Medieval civilization --- Middle Ages --- Civilization --- Chivalry --- Renaissance --- Philosophy&delete& --- History --- History of civilization --- anno 500-1499 --- Civilization, Medieval. --- Philosophy --- History. --- Femmes --- Rôle selon le sexe --- Différences entre sexes --- Histoire sociale --- Civilisation médiévale --- Histoire --- Philosophie --- Gender roles --- Gendered role --- Gendered roles --- Role, Gender --- Role, Gendered --- Role, Sex --- Roles, Gender --- Roles, Gendered --- Roles, Sex --- Sex roles --- FEMMES --- ROLE SELON LE SEXE --- DIFFERENCES ENTRE SEXES (PHILOSOPHIE) --- CIVILISATION MEDIEVALE --- HISTOIRE --- 500-1500 (MOYEN AGE) --- JUSQUE 1500 --- Gender --- Homosexuality --- Islam --- Working-class women --- Sexuality --- Spirituality --- Book --- Christianity