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#SBIB:316.334.1O400 --- #SBIB:316.334.1O310 --- #SBIB:316.8H15 --- #SBIB:316.356.2H2230 --- Leer- en onderwijsgedrag: algemeen --- Sociologisch onderzoek i.v.m. doelstellingen in het onderwijs (onderwijssystemen) --- Welzijns- en sociale problemen: sociale ongelijkheid en armoede --- Gezinssociologie: socialisatie, gezin als pedagogisch milieu --- Academic achievement --- Educational anthropology --- Human capital --- Minorities --- Poor --- Reading comprehension --- Reading --- Remedial teaching --- Education --- Social aspects --- Case studies. --- Corrective teaching --- Remedial education --- Remedial instruction --- Teaching --- Tutors and tutoring --- Language arts --- Elocution --- Ethnic minorities --- Foreign population --- Minority groups --- Persons --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Discrimination --- Ethnic relations --- Majorities --- Plebiscite --- Race relations --- Segregation --- Comprehension --- Disadvantaged, Economically --- Economically disadvantaged --- Impoverished people --- Low-income people --- Pauperism --- Poor, The --- Poor people --- Social classes --- Poverty --- Education&delete& --- Reading&delete& --- Case studies --- Remedial teaching&delete& --- Study and teaching --- Economic conditions
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Labour market --- Sociology of the family. Sociology of sexuality --- Cost and standard of living --- Households --- Sex discrimination in employment --- Women --- Employment
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Industrial economics --- Labour market --- Economic sociology --- 316.334.2 --- 331.5 --- Industry --- Labor supply --- Work --- #SBIB:316.334.2A10 --- Industry (Psychology) --- Method of work --- Work, Method of --- Human behavior --- Labor --- Occupations --- Work-life balance --- Labor force --- Labor force participation --- Labor pool --- Work force --- Workforce --- Labor market --- Human capital --- Labor mobility --- Manpower --- Manpower policy --- Industrial production --- Economics --- Economische sociologie. Industriele sociologie --- Arbeidsmarkt. Werkgelegenheid --(algemeen) --- Arbeids-, bedrijfs- en economische sociologie: algemeen --- 331.5 Arbeidsmarkt. Werkgelegenheid --(algemeen) --- 316.334.2 Economische sociologie. Industriele sociologie --- Industries --- Industries, Primitive
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There is growing concern that improving the academic skills of disadvantaged youth is too difficult and costly, so policymakers should instead focus either on vocationally oriented instruction for teens or else on early childhood education. Yet this conclusion may be premature given that so few previous interventions have targeted a potential fundamental barrier to school success: “mismatch” between what schools deliver and the needs of disadvantaged youth who have fallen behind in their academic or non-academic development. This paper reports on a randomized controlled trial of a two-pronged intervention that provides disadvantaged youth with non-academic supports that try to teach youth social-cognitive skills based on the principles of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and intensive individualized academic remediation. The study sample consists of 106 male 9th and 10th graders in a public high school on the south side of Chicago, of whom 95% are black and 99% are free or reduced price lunch eligible. Participation increased math test scores by 0.65 of a control group standard deviation (SD) and 0.48 SD in the national distribution, increased math grades by 0.67 SD, and seems to have increased expected graduation rates by 14 percentage points (46%). While some questions remain about the intervention, given these effects and a cost per participant of around $4,400 (with a range of $3,000 to $6,000), this intervention seems to yield larger gains in adolescent outcomes per dollar spent than many other intervention strategies.
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There is growing concern that improving the academic skills of disadvantaged youth is too difficult and costly, so policymakers should instead focus either on vocationally oriented instruction for teens or else on early childhood education. Yet this conclusion may be premature given that so few previous interventions have targeted a potential fundamental barrier to school success: "mismatch" between what schools deliver and the needs of disadvantaged youth who have fallen behind in their academic or non-academic development. This paper reports on a randomized controlled trial of a two-pronged intervention that provides disadvantaged youth with non-academic supports that try to teach youth social-cognitive skills based on the principles of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and intensive individualized academic remediation. The study sample consists of 106 male 9th and 10th graders in a public high school on the south side of Chicago, of whom 95% are black and 99% are free or reduced price lunch eligible. Participation increased math test scores by 0.65 of a control group standard deviation (SD) and 0.48 SD in the national distribution, increased math grades by 0.67 SD, and seems to have increased expected graduation rates by 14 percentage points (46%). While some questions remain about the intervention, given these effects and a cost per participant of around $4,400 (with a range of $3,000 to $6,000), this intervention seems to yield larger gains in adolescent outcomes per dollar spent than many other intervention strategies.
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There is growing concern that it is too difficult or costly to substantially improve the academic skills of children who are behind in school once they reach adolescence. But perhaps what we have tried in the past relies on the wrong interventions, failing to account for challenges like the increased variability in academic needs during adolescence, or heightened difficulty of classroom management. This study tests the effects of one intervention that tries to solve both problems by simplifying the teaching task: individualized, intensive, in-school tutoring. A key innovation by the non-profit we study (Saga Education) is to identify how to deliver "high-impact tutoring" at relatively low cost ($3,500 to $4,300 per participant per year). Our first randomized controlled trial (RCT) of Saga's tutoring model with 2,633 9th and 10th grade students in Chicago public schools found participation increased math test scores by 0.16 standard deviations (SDs) and increased grades in math and non-math courses. We replicated these results in a separate RCT with 2,710 students and found even larger math test score impacts--0.37 SD--and similar grade impacts. These effects persist into future years, although estimates for high school graduation are imprecise. The treatment effects do not appear to be the result of a generic "mentoring effect" or of changes in social-emotional skills, but instead seem to be caused by changes in the instructional "technology" that students received. The estimated benefit-cost ratio is comparable to many successful model early-childhood programs.
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