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From 2010 to 2017, the United States experienced a significant increase in maternal opioid-related diagnoses and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). NAS is increasingly being referred to as neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), as opioids are becoming the most common cause of neonatal withdrawal, whether alone or in the presence of other substances. A major challenge in the field is the lack of a standardized clinical definition of NAS. To address this challenge, the authors convened two modified-Delphi expert panels consisting of national experts on substance-exposed mother-infant dyads. Through these online panels, the authors solicited expert opinion to inform the development of clinical definitions of NAS and NOWS for use at the bedside as part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services initiative on NAS. To convene the panels, the authors used ExpertLensTM, a previously evaluated platform for conducting iterative online modified-Delphi panels. Participants provided initial responses to study questions about key components of the clinical definition of NAS and NOWS; reviewed how their responses compared to those of other participants; and revised their responses based on group feedback and discussion, if needed. Eighteen experts provided numeric ratings and free-text comments to contextualize their responses. Simple descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions, medians, interquartile ranges, as well as the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method Manual's approach to determining consensus in expert panels were used to analyze rating data, and the authors thematically analyzed the experts' free-text comments.

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The World Trade Center (WTC) Health Program (hereafter Program) provides medical monitoring and treatment for its Members: the responders and survivors who were at the WTC and related sites or located within the New York City disaster area during and after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Scientific research supported by the Program provides an evidence base for the health monitoring and clinical care of Members. In this report, the authors describe the findings and recommendations of a four-year study of the Program's research portfolio and its translational impact. They present results from a mixed methods assessment that integrates (1) a scoping review of nearly 1,000 peer-reviewed publications and thousands of pages of grey literature that reference research related to the health effects of 9/11, (2) stakeholder perspectives gathered through focus groups and interviews, and (3) a review of Program documentation. The report is intended to guide planning by Program leadership as it aims to maximize the impacts of Program research and achieve its goal of translating research into care for those affected by the attacks on 9/11.

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To help schools safely return to in-person instruction and expand coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) testing of teachers, other staff, and students, it will be imperative to successfully scale up and spread promising practices from K–12 schools and districts that were early adopters of COVID-19 testing in the fall semester of 2020. This report describes approaches that early adopters of COVID-19 testing in U.S. K–12 schools were using as of December 2020, highlighting key facilitators that made testing feasible, acceptable, and effective in these schools. In the first half of the report, the authors describe the landscape of testing as of December 2020, summarize the benefits and costs of early adopters' testing programs, and offer recommendations to school leaders, district officials, and policymakers for implementing feasible, acceptable, and effective COVID-19 testing in K–12 schools. They then profile COVID-19 testing programs in selected schools, districts, and states, with a focus on describing the practical details of their testing approaches, challenges they had to overcome, and key factors that facilitated their efforts.