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Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- South American Indian languages --- Amazon Valley
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Generative grammar --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- -Grammar, Comparative and general --- -Morphophonemics --- Allomorphs (Linguistics) --- Morphophonology --- Morphemics --- Phonemics --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Language and languages --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Generative --- Grammar, Transformational --- Grammar, Transformational generative --- Transformational generative grammar --- Transformational grammar --- Psycholinguistics --- Clitics --- Pronoun --- Grammar, Comparative --- Derivation --- Generative grammar. --- Morphophonemics. --- Clitics. --- Pronoun. --- Morphophonemics --- Clitics (Grammar) --- Accents and accentuation --- Tagmemics --- Pronouns --- Function words --- Nominals --- Reflexives
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A bold and provocative study that presents language not as an innate component of the brain--as most linguists do--but as an essential tool unique to each culture worldwide. For years, the prevailing opinion among academics has been that language is embedded in our genes, existing as an innate and instinctual part of us. But linguist Daniel Everett argues that, like other tools, language was invented by humans and can be reinvented or lost. He shows how the evolution of different language forms--that is, different grammar--reflects how language is influenced by human societies and experiences, and how it expresses their great variety. For example, the Amazonian Pirahã put words together in ways that violate our long-held under-standing of how language works, and Pirahã grammar expresses complex ideas very differently than English grammar does. Drawing on the Wari' language of Brazil, Everett explains that speakers of all languages, in constructing their stories, omit things that all members of the culture understand. In addition, Everett discusses how some cultures can get by without words for numbers or counting, without verbs for "to say" or "to give," illustrating how the very nature of what's important in a language is culturally determined. Combining anthropology, primatology, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, psychology, and his own pioneering--and adventurous--research with the Amazonian Pirahã, and using insights from many different languages and cultures, Everett gives us an unprecedented elucidation of this society-defined nature of language. In doing so, he also gives us a new understanding of how we think and who we are.
Language and culture. --- Communication. --- Sociolinguistics. --- Langage. --- Langues. --- Linguistique. --- Identité culturelle. --- Sociolinguistique.
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In his groundbreaking new book Daniel Everett seeks answers to questions that have perplexed thinkers from Plato to Chomsky: when and how did language begin? What is it? And what is it for? Daniel Everett confounds the conventional wisdom that language originated with Homo sapiens 150,000 years ago and that we have a 'language instinct'. Drawing on evidence from a wide range of fields, including linguistics, archaeology, biology, anthropology and neuroscience, he shows that our ancient ancestors, Homo erectus, had the biological and mental equipment for speech one and half million years ago, and that their cultural and technological achievements (including building ocean-going boats) make it overwhelmingly likely they spoke some kind of language. How Language Began sheds new light on language and culture and what it means to be human and, as always, Daniel Everett spices his account with incident and anecdote. His book is convincing, arresting and entertaining.
Language and languages --- Origin of languages --- Speech --- Origin
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Philosophical anthropology --- Cognitive psychology --- Psycholinguistics
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Philosophical anthropology --- Evolution. Phylogeny --- Psycholinguistics --- Philosophy of language
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