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This explores key groups, leaders and events in the civil rights movement to understand how activists used race and manhood to articulate their visions of what American society should be. He demonstrates that both segregationists and civil rights activists harnessed masculinist rhetoric, tapping into assumptions about race, gender, and sexuality.

African American civil rights workers. --- African American men. --- African Americans. --- Civil rights movements. --- Masculinity. --- Racism. --- Rhetoric. --- Sex role. --- Sexism. --- Political Science. --- History. --- African Americans --- Civil rights movements --- African American civil rights workers --- African American men --- Rhetoric --- Masculinity --- Sex role --- Sexism --- Racism --- Ethnic & Race Studies --- Gender & Ethnic Studies --- Social Sciences --- Bias, Racial --- Race bias --- Race prejudice --- Racial bias --- Prejudices --- Anti-racism --- Critical race theory --- Race relations --- Sex bias --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Sex (Psychology) --- Social perception --- Gender role --- Sex differences (Psychology) --- Social role --- Gender expression --- Masculinity (Psychology) --- Men --- Language and languages --- Speaking --- Authorship --- Expression --- Literary style --- Afro-American men --- Men, African American --- Afro-American civil rights workers --- Civil rights workers, African American --- Civil rights workers --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Civil rights --- History --- Attitudes --- Political aspects --- Black people --- United States --- Race relations. --- Race question --- Gender roles --- Gendered role --- Gendered roles --- Role, Gender --- Role, Gendered --- Role, Sex --- Roles, Gender --- Roles, Gendered --- Roles, Sex --- Sex roles

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"Don't Ask, Don't Tell" was the directive of President Bill Clinton's 1993 military policy regarding gay and lesbian soldiers. This official silence continued a collective amnesia about the patriotic service and courageous sacrifices of homosexual troops. This book recovers these lost voices, offering a rich chronicle of the history of gay and lesbian service in the U.S. military from World War II to the Iraq War. Drawing on more than 50 interviews with gay and lesbian veterans, it charts the evolution of policy toward homosexuals in the military over the past 65 years, uncovering the ways in which silence about sexuality and military service has affected the identities of gay veterans. These veteran voices-harrowing, heroic, and on the record-reveal the extraordinary stories of ordinary Americans, men and women who simply did their duty and served their country in the face of homophobia, prejudice, and enemy fire. The book demonstrates that, far from undermining national security, unit cohesion, or troop morale, these veterans strengthened the U.S. military in times of war and peace. It also examines challenges to the ban on homosexual service, placing them in the context of the wider movement for gay rights and gay liberation.

Gay military personnel --- Oral history. --- History. --- Sexuality. --- Sex.

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By focusing on how the idea of heroism on the battlefield helped construct, perpetuate, and challenge racial and gender hierarchies in the United States between World War I and the present, Warring over Valor provides fresh perspectives on the history of American military heroism. The book offers two major insights into the history of military heroism. First, it reveals a precarious ambiguity in the efforts of minorities such as African Americans, Asian Americans, Native Americans, women, and gay men to be recognized as heroic soldiers. Paradoxically, America's heroism discourse allowed them to press their case for full membership in the nation, but doing so simultaneously validated the dichotomous interpretations of race and gender they repudiated. The ambiguous role of marginalized groups in war-related hero-making processes also testifies to this volume's second general insight: the durability and tenacity of the masculine warrior hero in U.S. society and culture. Warring over Valor bridges a gap in the historiography of heroism and military affairs.

Heroes --- History --- United States --- Armed Forces --- Minorities --- History, Military --- war, valor, race, gender, American, military, heroism, United States, Asian Americans, African Americans, Native Americans, women, gay men, masculine, hero.

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History