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This book explores the ombudsman as a global institution. It has spread all over the world and its institutional development is increasingly being governed transnationally. Initially an institution of administrative law, the ombudsman has become a human rights institution and institution of good governance. These ideational shifts have influenced the global diffusion of the ombudsman but also the way in which this institution of accountability functions. The ombudsman is a peculiar institution of public accountability - both an institution and individual - that observes changes in the general political climate and engages in renegotiations of its intra-institutional position. The global models associated with the ombudsman are a source of organizational ideas, legitimacy, and sense of orientation, but they treat institutional actors differently, working also as mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion. The book tracks the global diffusion and institutional evolution of the ombudsman. Its chapters on institutional cases further explore the joint institutional history of the Parliamentary Ombudsman and the Chancellor of Justice in Finland, and the European Ombudsman. Tero Erkkilä is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Helsinki, Finland. His previous books include Government Transparency, Global University Rankings, Public Administration (with B. Guy Peters and Patrick von Maravic) and Global Knowledge Governance (with Ossi Piironen).

Ombudspersons. --- International relations. --- Coexistence --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Foreign relations --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International affairs --- Peaceful coexistence --- World order --- National security --- Sovereignty --- World politics --- Citizens' defenders (Ombudspersons) --- Ombudsman --- Ombudspeople --- Ombudspersons --- Mediators (Persons) --- Public officers --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Public policy. --- Political science. --- Europe—Politics and government. --- International organization. --- Political theory. --- Social justice. --- Human rights. --- Public Policy. --- Governance and Government. --- European Politics. --- International Organization. --- Political Theory. --- Social Justice, Equality and Human Rights. --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Human rights --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Equality --- Justice --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Federation, International --- International administration --- International federation --- Organization, International --- World federation --- World government --- World organization --- Congresses and conventions --- International relations --- Peace --- Political science --- International agencies --- International cooperation --- Security, International --- Law and legislation

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Political sociology --- Public administration

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Higher education and innovation policies are today seen as central elements in national economic competitiveness, increasingly measured by global rankings. The book analyses the evolution of indicator-based global knowledge governance, where various national attributes have been evaluated under international comparative assessment. Reflecting this general trend, the Shanghai ranking, first published in 2003, has pressured governments and universities all over the world to improve their performance in global competition. More recently, as global rankings have met criticism for their methodology and scope, measurements of various sizes and shapes have proliferated: some celebrating novel methodological solutions, others breaking new conceptual grounds. This book takes a fresh look at developments in the field of knowledge governance by showing how emerging indicators, innovation indexes and subnational comparisons are woven into the existing fabric of measurements that govern our ideas of higher education, innovation and competitiveness. This book argues that while rankings are becoming more numerous and fragmented, the new knowledge products, nevertheless, tend to reproduce ideas and practices existing in the field of global measurement.

Universities and colleges --- Education, Higher. --- Education and globalization. --- Ratings and rankings. --- Education. --- School management and organization. --- School administration. --- Educational policy. --- ducation and state. --- Educational sociology. --- Assessment. --- Higher education. --- Education and sociology. --- Sociology, Educational. --- Higher Education. --- Educational Policy and Politics. --- Sociology of Education. --- Administration, Organization and Leadership. --- Assessment, Testing and Evaluation. --- Globalization and education --- Globalization --- College rankings --- College ratings --- Rankings of universities and colleges --- Ratings of universities and colleges --- University rankings --- University ratings --- College students --- Higher education --- Postsecondary education --- Rankings --- Evaluation --- Education --- Educational tests and measuremen. --- Education and state. --- Administration, Educational --- Educational administration --- Inspection of schools --- Operation policies, School --- Policies, School operation --- School administration --- School inspection --- School operation policies --- School organization --- Schools --- Management --- Organization --- Education and sociology --- Social problems in education --- Society and education --- Sociology, Educational --- Sociology --- Education policy --- Educational policy --- State and education --- Social policy --- Endowment of research --- Inspection --- Management and organization --- Aims and objectives --- Government policy

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Sociology --- Politics --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- International law --- Human rights --- mensenrechten --- sociologie --- politiek --- Europese politiek --- internationale organisaties --- Europe

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