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BPB1009 --- Islam --- Intégrisme religieux --- Terrorisme --- Mondialisation --- Religieus conservatisme --- Globalisering --- MondialisationIslam --- East and West --- Islam and world politics --- Terrorism --- War --- World politics --- Armed conflict (War) --- Conflict, Armed (War) --- Fighting --- Hostilities --- Wars --- International relations --- Military art and science --- Peace --- Acts of terrorism --- Attacks, Terrorist --- Global terrorism --- International terrorism --- Political terrorism --- Terror attacks --- Terrorist acts --- Terrorist attacks --- World terrorism --- Direct action --- Insurgency --- Political crimes and offenses --- Subversive activities --- Political violence --- Terror --- World politics and Islam --- Civilization, Western --- Civilization, Oriental --- Occident and Orient --- Orient and Occident --- West and East --- Eastern question --- τρομοκρατία --- terroriżmu --- terorisms --- terrorismo --- terrorism --- terrorizmus --- terorizam --- terorismus --- terorizem --- тероризам --- Terrorismus --- terorism --- terorizmus --- terrorizëm --- тероризъм --- terorizmas --- terroryzm --- terrorismi --- terrorisme --- καταστολή της τρομοκρατίας --- terrorismo nero --- Bekämpfung des Terrorismus --- terrorista szervezet --- lucha contra el terrorismo --- терористичка група --- répression du terrorisme --- eliminim i terrorizmit --- lucha antiterrorista --- terorizmo išnaikinimas --- bekæmpelse af terrorisme --- grupo terrorista --- terrorszervezet --- potlačování terorismu --- elimination of terrorism --- brigate rosse --- bekämpande av terrorism --- combate contra o terrorismo --- antiterorizam --- kamp mot terrorism --- lupta împotriva terorismului --- terroristacsoport --- terrorismo di Stato --- πάταξη της τρομοκρατίας --- bestrijding van het terrorisme --- repressão do terrorismo --- борба против тероризам --- boj proti terorismu --- terrorizmus elleni küzdelem --- lotta al terrorismo --- terrorismo rosso --- zničenie terorizmu --- strage di Stato --- represión del terrorismo --- borba protiv terorizma --- repressione del terrorismo --- euroterrorismo --- terrorismin torjunta --- lutte contre le terrorisme --- антитероризам --- terorisma apkarošana --- terrorismivastane võitlus --- banda armada --- globalizace --- παγκοσμιοποίηση --- globalizáció --- globalizacija --- globalisering --- globalizacja --- глобализација --- globalizare --- globalizácia --- globalizzazzjoni --- globalizzazione --- globalizim --- globalização --- globaliseerumine --- globalizācija --- globalización --- globalisaatio --- globalisation --- глобализация --- Globalisierung --- globalisering van de economie --- talouden globalisoituminen --- Globalisierung der Wirtschaft --- gazdasági globalizáció --- altermondialisme --- altermundialismo --- alterglobalização --- ekonomiskās darbības internacionalizācija --- alterglobalizm --- altermundialización --- economic globalisation --- globalizim ekonomik --- globalizácia ekonomiky --- globalizarea economiei --- οικονομική παγκοσμιοποίηση --- mondializzazione --- altermondialism --- globalizzazzjoni tal-ekonomija --- altermundialização --- alterglobalizacja --- алтерглобализация --- erilainen globalisaatio --- antiglobalizmus --- internaționalizarea activității economice --- majandustegevuse globaliseerumine --- mundialización de la economía --- globalizacija ekonomskih aktivnosti --- internacionalizacija ekonomskih aktivnosti --- globalisering av ekonomin --- alternativ globalisering --- alterglobalizacija --- интернационализиране на икономиката --- ekonomikos globalizacija --- globalizzazione dell'economia --- globalization --- economic globalization --- talouden kansainvälistyminen --- Internationalisierung der Wirtschaft --- globalisering af økonomien --- altermondialista mozgalom --- εναλλακτική παγκοσμιοποίηση --- talouden maailmanlaajuistuminen --- internacionalizacija gospodarstva --- ekonomiskās darbības globalizācija --- globalizacija gospodarstva --- ekonomikos internacionalizacija --- internationalisering af økonomien --- mondialisering af økonomien --- internacionalizace ekonomiky --- globalisation of economic activity --- globalisation de l'économie --- internazzjonalizzazzjoni tal-ekonomija --- gazdasági tevékenység globalizációja --- majanduse globaliseerumine --- alterglobalizmas --- ndërkombëtarizim i veprimtarisë ekonomike --- internationalisering van de economie --- παγκοσμιοποίηση της οικονομίας --- internationalisering av ekonomin --- globalizációellenesség --- ekonomická globalizace --- protiglobalizacija --- alterglobalizace --- globalisation of the economy --- ekonominės veiklos internacionalizacija --- globalizacja gospodarki --- internacionalização da economia --- економска глобализација --- internationalisation de l'économie --- alternative Globalisierung --- vaihtoehtoinen globalisaatio --- икономическа глобализация --- altermondialisation --- internacionalizácia ekonomiky --- ekonominės veiklos globalizacija --- globalizace světové ekonomiky --- глобализација привреде --- alterglobalizácia --- интернационализација привредне делатности --- internationalisation of economic activity --- διαφορετική παγκασμιοποίηση --- глобализација економије --- altermundismo --- internationalization of economic activity --- globalizim i ekonomisë --- altermondialismo --- antiglobalisering --- globalizzazione economica --- internacionalización de la economía --- алтерглобализъм --- majandustegevuse rahvusvahelistumine --- ekonomická globalizácia --- alterglobalismus --- globalizim i veprimtarisë ekonomike --- globalizace ekonomiky --- globalizzazzjoni ekonomika --- Altermondialisation --- mondialisation économique --- διεθνοποίηση της οικονομίας --- internazionalizzazione dell'economia --- gospodarska globalizacija --- globalización de la economía --- mondialisering van de economie --- globalización económica --- geglobaliseerde economie --- globalizarea activității economice --- mundialização da economia --- üleilmastumine --- mondialisering --- alternatiivne globaliseerumine --- interdipendenza a livello mondiale dell'economia --- globalizacja gospodarcza --- alternatīva globalizācijas kustība --- глобализиране на икономиката --- ekonomikas globalizācija --- altermondializare --- привредна глобализација --- altermondializmus --- islám --- ισλαμισμός --- Iżlam --- islamas --- islams --- islamismo --- islam --- iszlám --- ислям --- ислам --- mahomedanism --- islamism --- moslimský veriaci --- islámské náboženství --- sunita --- islámská církev --- mohammedanisme --- šíita --- mohamedanizmus --- muslimi --- muhamedanisme --- mohamedánstvo --- Mohammedanism --- muhameedlus --- suna --- muhamedānisms --- muslimské náboženství --- muhamettilaisuus --- mahometonybė --- mešita --- Muhamedanizëm --- fundamentalism religios --- vallási fundamentalizmus --- fundamentalizm religijny --- uskonnollinen fundamentalismi --- fundamentaliżmu reliġjuż --- religiöser Fundamentalismus --- integrismo religioso --- ζηλωτισμός --- religieus conservatisme --- religious fundamentalism --- vjerski fundamentalizam --- náboženský fundamentalismus --- fundamentalizëm fetar --- verski fundamentalizem --- religiös fundamentalism --- integralismo religioso --- религиозен фундаментализъм --- reliģiskais fundamentālisms --- religiøs fundamentalisme --- usuline fundamentalism --- náboženský fundamentalizmus --- religinis fundamentalizmas --- верски фундаментализам --- муслимански фундаментализам --- христијански фундаментализам --- верски фанатизам --- islámský fundamentalismus --- исламски фундаментализам --- θρησκευτικός φανατισμός --- θρησκευτικός φονταμενταλισμός --- fundamentalismo religioso --- fondamentalisme religieux --- náboženský extremismus --- religieus integrisme --- křesťanský fundamentalismus --- fondamentalismo religioso --- fundamentalisme --- верски екстремизам --- muslimský fundamentalismus --- религиозен фундаментализам --- vallásos fundamentalizmus --- History --- Religious aspects&delete& --- Asian influences --- Oriental influences --- Western influences --- sceimhlitheoireacht --- Ioslam --- bunúsaíochas reiligiúnach --- domhandú --- Religious aspects --- War and Islam --- Islam and terrorism --- Intégrisme religieux

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The future is omnipresent in school geography. Several present-day concerns are highly related to it, such as spatial planning, climate change and migration. A futures perspective is crucial so young people can develop knowledge and understanding of the world around them. They should also learn to behave as citizens in a future society. Nevertheless, present-day geography education seems to lack this futures perspective. Students need to master geography-related cognitive skills to think efficiently about their future. Systems thinking is such a skill, giving students an insight on the complexity of their living environment. Therefore, this research investigates whether systems thinking might foster students’ futures perspective. Within the scope of this master thesis research, a lesson module about urbanisation and spatial planning was developed and tested in class. This is one of the major themes in the geography-related curriculum of Flemish upper secondary education. One group of students received a traditional, teacher-centred instruction by means of an educational conversation. The other, experimental group followed a student-centred approach by getting to work with causal diagrams. These are a known systems thinking tool. After the lesson module, the comprehensiveness of students’ futures perspective was compared using four scenarios, which are visual representations of possible and preferable futures. Students had to extract arguments from these scenarios. During analysis, a distinction was made between variables and relationships. Both were qualitatively coded to test significant differences using t-tests. Relationships distinguished between associations and causalities. The latter could be either single or double, depending if a student mentioned a future evolution for one or both variables in a relationship. After the complete lesson series, students were also asked about their experiences with the course materials and the applied teaching approach. This research shows that systems thinking, and causal diagrams in particular, can be applied to foster students’ futures perspective. Despite the limited number of lessons, results show that students who follow a systems thinking approach tend to develop more comprehensive arguments. Results show that causal understanding is present in both groups. Nevertheless, those familiar with systems thinking mention significantly more double causalities, which are assumed to contribute to the comprehensiveness of their futures perspective. This demonstrates that systems thinking can serve the cognitive skills that students need to understand the complex world around them. Above that, students confirm enjoying systems thinking as an alternative approach to process the subject matter. This points out that systems thinking can be part of a diverse instruction in geography education and that it can facilitate teachers to implement a futures perspective in their teaching practice.