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Latin America and the Middle East are two of the most important regions of the South and the world, yet they have hardly been studied comparatively in social sciences. This book attempts to fill this gap in the literature through a study of civil society-state relations in Bolivia and Egypt focusing on empowered participatory institutions. Not only are these institutions important in their own right in terms of the amount of resources allocated to them, but they are an important illustration of a rising model of governance and development based on state-civil society cooperation. The study not only helps us understand the nuanced relationship between state and citizen under neoliberalism, but also gives us insights into issues of major theoretical and practical importance, specifically the impact of social reform on processes of democratization, social inclusion, and equity.

Civil society --- Institution building --- Social planning --- Social contract --- Social change --- Social institutions --- Social policy --- Social development planning --- Planning --- Citizen participation.

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Beginning in Tunisia, and spreading to as many as seventeen Arab countries, the street protests of the 'Arab Spring' in 2011 empowered citizens and banished their fear of speaking out against governments. The Arab Spring belied Arab exceptionalism, widely assumed to be the natural state of stagnation in the Arab world amid global change and progress. The collapse in February 2011 of the regime in the region's most populous country, Egypt, led to key questions of why, how, and with what consequences did this occur?Inspired by the "contentious politics" school and Social Movement Theory, Arab

Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Revolutions - Egypt --- Protest movements - Egypt - History - 21st century --- Democratization - Egypt - History - 21st century --- Egypt - History - Protests, 2011 --- -Egypt - Politics and government - 21st century --- -Revolutions --- Protest movements --- Democratization --- Egypt --- History --- Politics and government