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Case studies of twelve existing human biospecimen repositories performed to evaluate their utility for genomics- and proteomics-based cancer research and to identify ?best practices? in collection, processing, annotation, storage, privacy, ethical concerns, informed consent, business plans, operations, intellectual property rights, public relations, marketing, and education that would be useful in designing a national biospecimen network.

Cadaver homografts--Case studies. --- Organizational Case Studies--United States. --- Preservation of organs, tissues, etc.--Case studies. --- Tissue banks--Case studies. --- Tissue Banks--standards--United States. --- Tissue Preservation--methods--United States. --- Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms --- Histocytological Preparation Techniques --- Preservation, Biological --- Health Services Research --- Biological Specimen Banks --- Quality of Health Care --- Investigative Techniques --- Cytological Techniques --- Specimen Handling --- Health Planning --- Histological Techniques --- Health Facilities --- Laboratory Techniques and Procedures --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Clinical Laboratory Techniques --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Health Care --- Diagnosis --- Tissue Preservation --- Tissue Banks --- Organizational Case Studies --- Surgery & Anesthesiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Transplantation of Organs & Tissues --- Tissue banks --- Preservation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Cadaver homografts --- Post-mortem homografts --- Postmortem homografts --- Organ preservation (Anatomy) --- Organs (Anatomy) --- Banks, Organ --- Banks, Tissue --- Banks, Transplant --- Organ banks --- Transplant banks --- Preservation --- Homografts --- Non-heart-beating organ donation --- Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Biobanks --- Health facilities --- Procurement of organs, tissues, etc.

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This study assesses the US National Bioethics Advisory Commission's contribution to policymaking by tracking the response to its recommendations, on issues such as human cloning, from the President, Congress, government, societies and foundations, other countries and international groups.

Bioethics. --- Bioethics - Government policy - United States. --- Medical ethics. --- Medical ethics - Government policy - United States. --- Social Control Policies --- Social Sciences --- Epidemiologic Methods --- Communications Media --- Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms --- Information Science --- Investigative Techniques --- Reproductive Techniques --- Cells --- Social Control, Formal --- Research --- Ethics --- Genetic Techniques --- Internationality --- Biomedical Research --- Mass Media --- Cloning, Organism --- Human Experimentation --- Public Policy --- Policy Making --- Stem Cells --- Publications --- Data Collection --- Advisory Committees --- Bioethical Issues --- Anatomy --- Policy --- Sociology --- Science --- Quality of Health Care --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures. --- Humanities --- Public Health --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Health Care --- Environment and Public Health --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Occupations --- United States.

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The authors review traffic safety in the United States, with specific reference to military personnel, focusing on safety interventions and attempts to change driver behavior and decisions. Overall, driving has become safer over the last 20 years: A variety of factors seem to have contributed to this increased safety--better vehicle safety features, better road safety features, decreases in teenage drunk driving, more seat belt use, and at least recently, fewer vehicle miles traveled. In contrast, motorcycle riding, a topic of particular interest to the military, is becoming more dangerous. The main difference between the military and civilian population is the proportion of military crash fatalities on motorcycles--the U.S. rate is currently about 15 percent of fatalities, while in some military branches the rate is on average 35-40 percent. This review shows that the following safety interventions tend to help in the reduction of vehicle crashes and that some in particular may be useful in the military setting: (1) better enforcement of underage drinking laws and continuation of alcohol deglamorization campaigns (DoD regulations exist, but underage drinking seems to be relatively common); (2) high-visibility enforcement techniques for sobriety checkpoints; (3) high-visibility enforcement techniques for seat belt use; (4) adoption of a lower blood alcohol concentration level (such as 0.05) for motorcyclists, since the evidence shows that motorcyclists' ability to drive safely begins declining at lower levels than those for car drivers; (5) screening--perhaps as part of military medical assessment--and brief intervention with a trained counselor for at-risk drinkers, since they are at higher risk for drinking and driving; (6) media campaigns that are paired with community activities that also emphasize driver safety, such as workshops or fairs and with enforcement of driving regulations, and targeted at the drivers at highest risk (men in their teens and early 20s); (7) requirements that motorcyclists be licensed and own their vehicles.

Motor vehicle driving --- Traffic safety --- Traffic fatalities --- Traffic accidents --- United States --- Armed Forces --- Safety measures.