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In this engaging and wide-ranging new book, Nikk Effingham provides an introduction to contemporary ontology - the study of what exists - and its importance for philosophy today. He covers the key topics in the field, from the ontology of holes, numbers and possible worlds, to space, time and the ontology of material objects - for instance, whether there are composite objects such as tables, chairs or even you and me. While starting from the basics, every chapter is up-to-date with the most recent developments in the field, introducing both longstanding theories and cutting-edge advances. As well as discussing the latest issues in ontology, Effingham also helpfully deals in-depth with different methodological principles (including theory choice, Quinean ontological commitment and Meinongianism) and introduces them alongside an example ontological theory that puts them into practice. This accessible and comprehensive introduction will be essential reading for upper-level undergraduate and post-graduate students, as well as any reader interested in the present state of the subject.

Ontology. --- Ontologie --- Ontology --- Philosophy --- Being --- Metaphysics --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Substance (Philosophy)

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Qui ne s’est un jour demandé ce qu’est vraiment le temps ? Quelle est sa réalité ? Quelles propriétés lui reconnaître ? Nous avons l'impression que le temps passe ou s’écoule. Mais cela correspond-il à sa nature réelle ? Comment rendre compte des distinctions entre passé, présent, futur ? Les enseignements des sciences contredisent-ils notre conception ordinaire du temps ? Ces interrogations, aussi anciennes que la philosophie elle-même, ont fait l’objet d’un examen renouvelé dans la métaphysique contemporaine. Sans prétendre à l'exhaustivité, les contributions réunies dans ce volume entendent offrir un guide des questions les plus disputées, aujourd'hui, en ce domaine.

Philosophy --- metaphysics --- time --- flow of time --- A and B theory --- temporal ontology --- tense --- temps --- métaphysique --- passage du temps --- théorie A et théorie B --- présentisme --- éternalisme --- perdurantisme et endurantisme --- théorie du bloc en expansion --- Philosophy: metaphysics & ontology