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Mitigation is necessary, but will not be sufficient for us to avoid climate change – given existing emission levels, we will also need to adapt to the consequences of climate change. “Developing Adaptation Policy and Practice in Europe: Multi-level Governance of Climate Change” targets the development of adaptation policy in European countries with different relations between central, regional and local government, asking how adaptation policy at different levels has emerged. Proceeding from a multi-level governance perspective, the book includes a theoretical framework on adaptation. Chapters describe the EU context for adaptation, the UK, Finnish, Swedish and Italian multi-level cases of adaptation in relation to water, and a survey of adaptation in additional industrialised EU and non-EU countries (among which Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Canada and Australia). The book concludes by discussing the development of adaptation policy in the cases. It also shows that the different paths for adaptation policy chosen in different cases can be related to administrative culture including centrality of government and the role of local and regional actors including networks.

Climatic changes -- Government policy -- European Union Countries. --- Climatic changes -- Government policy. --- Environmental economics -- European Union Countries. --- Environmental economics. --- Natural resources -- Law and legislation -- European Union Countries. --- Natural resources -- Law and legislation. --- Climatic changes --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Meteorology & Climatology --- Government policy --- Climatology --- Climate --- Climate science --- Science of climate --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Environmental aspects --- Environment. --- Climate change. --- Political science. --- Regional planning. --- Urban planning. --- Environmental law. --- Environmental policy. --- Environmental management. --- Climate Change. --- Climate Change Management and Policy. --- Political Science. --- Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning. --- Environmental Management. --- Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice. --- Meteorology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Climate sciences --- Atmospheric science --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Climatic changes. --- Regional development --- Regional planning --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- City planning --- Landscape protection --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Environment law --- Environmental control --- Environmental protection --- Environmental quality --- Environmental policy --- Law --- Sustainable development --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Law and legislation --- Environment and state --- Environmental management --- State and environment --- Environmental auditing --- Cities and towns --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- EU-landen --- Global environmental change

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Climate change vulnerability assessment is a rapidly developing field. However, despite the fact that such major trends as globalization and the changing characteristics of the political and economic governance systems are crucial in shaping a community?s capacity to adapt to climate change, these trends are seldom included in assessments. This book addresses this shortcoming by developing a framework for qualitative vulnerability assessment in ?multiple impact? studies (of climate change and globalization) and applying this framework to several cases of renewable natural resource use.The book

Climatic changes --- Globalization --- Environmental protection --- Arctic regions --- Environmental conditions.

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The Arctic has often been seen as a natural area, or even a "wilderness", where mainly indigenous and subsistence activities have been prominent. Contrary to this, the present volume highlights the very long historical development of resource use systems in northern Europe, across multiple actors and multiple levels, and including varying population groups. The book takes a past-present-future perspective that illustrates the paths to institutional emergence, change or persistence over time. It also illustrates how institutions may themselves drive changes, through a focus on resource use cases in northern Europe. This volume demonstrates that understanding "northern "issues is less about understanding sets of geophysical, climatological or environmental conditions than about understanding social and institutional structures. Understanding these trajectories into the future is seen as a key way of understanding what responses to future change may be likely and what the institutions are that will shape, limit or enable our responses to climate change. This book will be of great use to scholars and graduates in the fields of Arctic and northern-region politics, and to researchers of resource use and climate change with a focus on vulnerability, social vulnerability, adaptation and mitigation.

Natural resources --- Management. --- Government policy --- Europe, Northern --- Environmental conditions.

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Nature has often been understood in literature through a disjunction to human systems. This can be seen in the nature-culture binary, or even more clearly in the opposition of 'wilderness' to 'civilization'.