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In this engaging study, Gregory J. Downey traces the development of closed captioning -- a field that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s from a decades-long intersection of cinematic subtitling, courtroom stenography, and education for the deaf. He discusses how digital computers, coupled with inate human mental and physical skills, made live television captioning possible. Downey's survey reveals the hidden information workers who mediate live audiovisual action and the production of written records. His work examines the relations between communication technology and human geography and explores the place of labor in a technologically complex and spatially fragmented world. Illustrating the ways in which technological development grows out of the political-economic processes of government regulation, education innovation, professional profit-seeking, and social activism, this interdisciplinary study combines insights from several fields, among them the history of technology, human geography, mass communication, and information studies.

personen met een auditieve beperking --- Mathematical linguistics --- ondertiteling --- Film --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Mass communications --- Subtitling. Supertitling --- Speech-to-text systems. --- Closed captioning --- Ondertiteling voor doven en slechthorenden --- Ondertiteling --- Stenografie --- Televisie --- Closed captioning. --- Ondertiteling voor doven en slechthorenden. --- Ondertiteling. --- Stenografie. --- Televisie. --- Massacommunicatie --- Artificiële intelligentie. Robotica. Simulatie. Graphics --- Ondertiteling. Boventiteling --- Wiskundige taalkunde