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This Master's thesis examines the role of the European Union (EU) as a mediator through the prism of rational choice theory (RCT) in the context of the normalization of relations between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia from 2011 until 2021. In this respect, it emphasizes first the different types of mediation and the positions adopted by the three actors involved, especially since their respective position strongly affect their understanding of the concept of normalization. On the one hand, both Kosovo and Serbia seek to defend their own interests in the process, a situation that may be illustrated by the largely known “prisoner’s dilemma”. On the other hand, the EU establishes a series of political conditionalities to both parties and has invited Kosovo’s and Serbia’s authorities to conclude a series of, firstly technical, and secondly political agreements, whose most illustrative example appears to be the Brussels agreement (2013). However, the Union’s approach of mediation remains challenged to date by its ambiguity, its lack of transparency and of unity, and the divergences with the recent economic normalization of relations led by the United States of America (USA).

Normalization of relations, recognition, mediation, European Union, Kosovo, Serbia. --- Droit, criminologie & sciences politiques > Sciences politiques, administration publique & relations internationales

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Cette recherche explore une analyse comparative des interventions de l'Union européenne (UE) dans deux conflits majeurs : le conflit Russie- Ukraine et celui entre le Rwanda et la République Démocratique du Congo (RDC). L'étude examine comment l'UE a abordé chacun de ces conflits, en tenant compte des contextes géopolitiques, des stratégies utilisées (sanctions, diplomatie, soutien militaire et humanitaire), et des résultats obtenus. L'objectif est de comprendre les raisons des différences dans l'approche de l'UE et d'évaluer l'efficacité de ses actions dans des situations de conflits très différents, tant sur le plan géographique que politique.

Droit, criminologie & sciences politiques > Sciences politiques, administration publique & relations internationales