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From the time Catterina Vizzani, a young Roman woman, began wooing the woman she was attracted to, she did so dressed as a man. Fleeing Rome to avoid a potential trial for sexual misdeeds, she became Giovanni Bordoni, transitioning and becoming a male in spirit, deed, and body, through what was the most complete physical change possible in the eighteenth century. This volume features Giovanni Bianchi's 1744 Italian account of Vizzani/Bordoni, published for the first time together with a modern English translation, making available to an English-speaking audience the objective, scientific exploration of gender conducted by Bianchi. John Cleland's well-known, albeit fanciful, 1751 version of the story has also been reproduced here, shedding light on the divergent sexual politics driving Bianchi's Italian original and Cleland's greatly embellished English translation. Drawing on the biographies produced by Bianchi and Cleland, the volume reflects on the motivation of each author to tell the story of Vizzani/Bordoni either as a narration of empowerment or a cautionary tale within the European context of evolving sexual opinions, some based on scientific research, others based on social practice and cultural norms.

Vizzani, Catterina --- Lesbians --- Cross-dressers --- Gender identity --- Sex identity (Gender identity) --- Sexual identity (Gender identity) --- Identity (Psychology) --- Sex (Psychology) --- Queer theory --- Crossdressers --- Femmiphilliacs --- Transvestites --- Persons --- Female gays --- Female homosexuals --- Gay females --- Gay women --- Gayelles --- Gays, Female --- Homosexuals, Female --- Lesbian women --- Sapphists --- Women, Gay --- Women homosexuals --- Gays --- Women --- History --- Vizzani, Caterina, --- Vizzani, Catterina, --- Bordoni, Giovanni, --- History. --- Gender nonconformity --- Homosexuality --- Gender dysphoria

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From the time Catterina Vizzani, a young Roman woman, began wooing the woman she was attracted to, she did so dressed as a man. Fleeing Rome to avoid a potential trial for sexual misdeeds, she became Giovanni Bordoni, transitioning and becoming a male in spirit, deed, and body, through what was the most complete physical change possible in the eighteenth century.This volume features Giovanni Bianchi's 1744 Italian account of Vizzani/Bordoni, published for the first time together with a modern English translation, making available to an English-speaking audience the objective, scientific exploration of gender conducted by Bianchi. John Cleland's well-known, albeit fanciful, 1751 version of the story has also been reproduced here, shedding light on the divergent sexual politics driving Bianchi's Italian original and Cleland's greatly embellished English translation.Through a close examination of Bianchi's work as anatomical practitioner and scholar, Clorinda Donato traces the development of his advocacy for tolerance of all sexual orientations. Several chapters address the medical and philosophical inquiry into sexual preference, reproduction, sexual identity, and gender fluidity which Enlightenment anatomists from Holland to Italy engaged with in their research concerning the relationship between the mind and the reproductive organs. Meanwhile, it is the social implications of gender ambiguity which may be analysed in Cleland's condemnation of women who "pass" as men.Drawing on the biographies produced by Bianchi and Cleland, the volume reflects on the motivation of each author to tell the story of Vizzani/Bordoni either as a narration of empowerment or a cautionary tale within the European context of evolving sexual opinions, some based on scientific research, others based on social practice and cultural norms.

Lesbians --- Cross-dressers --- Gender identity --- History. --- Vizzani, Caterina, --- trans history --- Italian academies --- John Cleland --- Giovanni Bianchi --- eighteenth-century anatomy --- Catherine Vizzani --- Enlightenment sexualities --- Catterina Vizzani --- medical novella --- female husbands --- queer translation --- queer enlightenment

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This handbook explores the rich and as yet understudied field of women’s writing during the nation-building years that characterized the global politics of the long nineteenth century. In the wake of the American and French Revolutions, the waning of the Spanish Empire, subsequent Latin American uprisings, and the Italian Risorgimento, nineteenth-century women writers cracked wide open the myths of gender, race, and class that had sustained the ancien régime. This volume shows that the transnational networks of women writing about politics, sexuality, economics, and the forging of the modern nation were much broader and more inclusive at a global level than has previously been understood. The handbook uniquely foregrounds French, Italian, Latin American, and Spanish women writers, focusing on the transnational nature of their relationships and cultural production within a growing body of research that casts an ever-wider net in the effort to document women’s voices. Claire Emilie Martin is Professor Emerita of Spanish at California State University, Long Beach, USA. She holds a doctorate from Yale University in Spanish American Literature. Her research focuses on nineteenth-century cultural and literary studies with a special emphasis on gender issues, domesticity, education, politics, and travel. She has published numerous articles and edited and co-edited several volumes on nineteenth-century Latin American women writers. Clorinda Donato is Professor of French and Italian at California State University, Long Beach, USA, and director of the Clorinda Donato Center for Global Romance Languages and Translation Studies. She is an eighteenth- and nineteenth-century scholar of French and Italian literature. Her most recent publication is Translation and Transfer of Knowledge in Encyclopedic Compilations, 1680–1830 co-edited with Hans-Jürgen Lüsebrink (2021). .

Social sciences. --- Literature, Modern --- Women --- Sex. --- Latin American literature. --- European literature. --- Nineteenth-Century Literature. --- Women's History / History of Gender. --- Gender Studies. --- Latin American/Caribbean Literature. --- European Literature. --- 19th century. --- History.

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With reference to gender preference, racial and social profiling, immigration policies, and the adjudication of borderland cultures and hybrid identities, this collection offers an in-depth examination of Enlightenment society and its parallels in the contemporary world."--Pub. desc. Featuring an internationally renowned group of contributors, this volume looks at the concept of tolerance at the point where the individual, or group, converges or clashes with the state. Though it appears to provide grist for the mill of Enlightenment critics such as Adorno, Horkheimer, Foucault, and MacIntyre by confronting specific cases in which individual freedoms are forced to acquiesce to state control and authority in the guise of tolerance, the essays also offer a cautionary tale of critical restraint in the post-9/11 world. By reflecting on similar discrepancies in the interplay of discourses of tolerance and intolerance that inform our own lives, we recognize attempts to craft and apply theories and practices of toleration. "The idea of tolerance is one of the most enduring legacies of the Enlightenment. However, there is a surprising lack of scholarly works that attempt to analyse the influence of tolerance on the individual during this period. This collection assesses, for the first time, the positive and negative impact of discourses and theories of tolerance upon the lives of individuals in eighteenth-century Europe.

Toleration --- Enlightenment. --- Toleration. --- Discrimination --- Tolérance --- Siècle des lumières --- History --- Histoire --- Europe --- Social conditions --- Conditions sociales --- Bias --- Interpersonal relations --- Minorities --- Bigotry --- Intolerance --- Tolerance --- Virtues --- Aufklärung --- Eighteenth century --- Philosophy, Modern --- Rationalism

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With a focus on the economic, social, and political impetus for producing monuments to knowledge, this volume recognizes the encyclopedic compilation as the quintessential tool of enlightenment knowledge transfer. From its modern origins in seventeenth-century France, encyclopedic compilations met the need for the dissemination of information in a more flexible format, one that eschewed the limits of previous centuries of erudition. The rise of vernacular languages dovetailed with the demand for information in every sector, sparking competition among nations to establish the encyclopedic "paper empires" that became symbols of power and potential. In this edited collection, Clorinda Donato and Hans-Jürgen Lüsebrink evaluate the long-overlooked phenomenon of knowledge creation and transfer that occurred in hundreds of translated encyclopedic compilations over the long eighteenth century. Analysing multiple instances of translated compilations, Translation and Transfer of Knowledge in Encyclopedic Compilations, 1680-1830 expands into the vast realm of the multilingual, encyclopedic compilation, the most tangible proof of the global enlightenment. Through the presentation of an extensive corpus of translated compilations, it argues that the true site of knowledge transfer resided in the transnational movement of ideas exemplified by these compendia. The encyclopedia came to represent the aspiring nation as a viable economic and political player on the world stage; the capability to tell knowledge through culture became the hallmark of a nation's cultural capital, symbolic of its might and mapping the how, why, and where of the global eighteenth century.

Literary Criticism / Modern / 18th Century --- Literary Criticism / European / German --- Literary Criticism / European / French --- Literature --- History and criticism --- Appraisal of books --- Books --- Evaluation of literature --- Criticism --- Literary style --- Appraisal --- Evaluation --- Diderot. --- Italian enlightenment. --- book history. --- encyclopedic compilations. --- geography of the book. --- iberoamerican enlightenment. --- long eighteenth century. --- translated encyclopedias. --- transnational enlightenment.