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Given the incessant use of plastic in all industries, be it food or cosmetics, plastic packaging is everywhere. So we have to react, and to do that there are new trends that are taking place, such as recycled cardboard packaging or glass jars instead of plastic jars. In cosmetics, manufacturers are starting to start producing sustainable, solid cosmetics with natural and organic ingredients. This master thesis studied the mechanisms of transmission of social and environmental missions of Belgian manufacturers through the BMC. For this study there were four interviews with four Belgian manufacturers. Vu l'utilisation incessante de plastique dans toutes les industries que ça soit l'alimentaire ou le cosmétique, les emballages plastiques se retrouvent partout. Il faut donc réagir et pour ce faire il y a des nouvelles tendances qui se mettent en place comme les emballages en carton recyclé ou des pots en verre au lieu de pots en plastiques. Dans le cosmétique, les fabricants commencent à se lancer dans la production de cosmétiques durables, solides avec des ingrédients naturels et bio. Ce mémoire a étudié les mécanismes de transmission de missions sociales et environnementales des fabricants belges à travers le BMC. Pour cette étude il y a eu quatre interviews avec quatre fabricants belges.
Cosmetic --- sustainability --- manufacturers --- sustainable cosmetics --- BMC --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Economie sociale
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The circular economy seems to have a triple performance related to sustainable development: economic, environmental, but also social performance. It is this third dimension that this paper focuses on. The research question, “To what extent do circular economy companies in the fashion industry in Belgium generate social impact?”, was shaped following several reflections. First of all, it is important to know that categories are created in this work, and they are based on the type of circular economy practiced (prevention, reemployment, reuse, recycling). The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the circular economy always creates a social impact. In addition to that, a deeper goal is to find similarities according to the categories mentioned earlier. To document this work, interviews were conducted with Belgian circular companies active in the fashion industry. The similarities or differences in the social impacts generated by these companies in the different categories are explained in the results analysis part of this thesis.
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The growing concerns about pollution force industries, authorities and consumers to change their linear production/consumption and opt for ecological solution regarding packaging. Recycling practices are insufficient to address urgent global warming problems, and may even be used to justify our high-consumption lifestyles. Indeed, it still generates emissions, consumes energy, water, and material and do not promote reduce in packaging. In this regard, it is worthwhile to turn our solutions towards a higher level of the circular economy: reusing. This thesis aims to provide a better understanding on primary reusable packaging systems: how they work, how they are structured and what are the barriers and drivers encountered that influence their success and scaling.
reusable packaging --- bulk sale --- deposit-return system --- reverse logistics --- reconditioning --- circular economy --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Economie sociale
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Although general knowledge of disability has progressed considerably in recent years, many challenges remain and require greater attention. Among these challenges, invisible disabilities present particular challenges. Indeed, 80 per cent of disabilities are invisible, while society continues to associate disability with representations such as people in wheelchairs. This invisibility complicates the recognition of disability, which is essential if people are to obtain certain forms of assistance. What is more, this invisibility reinforces the taboo nature of disability, encouraging some people to conceal their difficulties. This invisibility also prevents those close to people with disabilities from understanding the need for support, both in their private and professional lives. In this thesis, we first explore the existing literature on managing disability-related diversity in companies, focusing on invisible disabilities and social economy companies. We also looked at the concept of reasonable accommodation in the Belgian legislation. In addition, we looked at the difficulty of recognising disability in Belgium and the aid available as a result. Secondly, this information was then compared with data gathered during our interviews with social economy federations, disability experts and managers of people with invisible disabilities in companies. We also compared the management of invisible disabilities between adapted work companies, other social enterprises and traditional companies. This research has enabled us to take stock of the support given to people with invisible disabilities in companies, particularly in social enterprises. It has also led to the formulation of a number of suggestions for improving the monitoring of workers with invisible disabilities, and to a glimpse of the future.
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Ce mémoire s’attache à comprendre les pratiques des structures philanthropiques belges en solidarité internationale. Ces dernières années, les accords internationaux sur le financement du développement, et particulièrement le Programme d’Action d’Addis Abeba, mettent l’accent sur la nécessité de trouver une alternative aux budgets gouvernementaux. La sphère développementiste se tourne davantage vers les secteurs privé et philanthropique. Indéniablement la Coopération belge au développement, menée par le Cabinet De Croo, s’inscrit dans cette logique. Notre recherche se fonde sur une démarche qualitative et exploratoire. Dix entretiens semi-directifs avec des fondations, des fonds abrités et des nouveaux acteurs philanthropiques ont été réalisés. Ces entretiens, étudiés à l’aune d’un hexagone analytique inspiré des réflexions de Peter Frumkin (2006), nous permettent de valider et de nuancer l’hypothèse selon laquelle il existe autant de pratiques philanthropiques de la solidarité internationale qu’il existe de philanthropes actifs en solidarité internationale.
Philanthropie --- philanthropie structurée --- solidarité internationale --- coopération au développement --- fondations --- fonds abrités --- venture philanthropy --- pratiques philanthropiques --- financement du développement --- Belgique --- fonds d'impact --- Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie > Sociologie & sciences sociales
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Today’s Development Cooperation sector has tremendously changed over the past few decades. In Belgium, a new and strengthened legislation has been set up whose main consequences on NGOs’ financial structure are analysed in the present final paper. At the European level, a list of 17 Sustainable Development Goals have been developed, which ones represent the priorities of the Development Cooperation for the coming 15 years. The complexity of the Belgian Development Cooperation sector is studied thanks to a detailed presentation of the different actors and the close connection between public and private financing, which is at the centre of this master thesis. The following question is being answered during our entire essay : “what are the effects of the private financing for Belgian university NGOs ?”. Thanks to a case study of two Belgian university NGOs, we highlight the main relevant elements which may influence these organisations whether in terms of finance, management or partnerships.
coopération au développement --- ONG --- financement privé --- financement public --- professionnalisation --- screening --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Economie sociale
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This thesis aims to contribute to the existing literature around conservation philanthropy through the comparison of two conservation projects. It addresses the subject of private conservation and its major ethical challenges. First, the literature review analyzes the relations between philanthropy, capitalism and public authorities, as well as the matter of philanthrocapitalism and neoliberal conservation. It goes on about the new ways of protecting the environment and preserving nature that link profit seeking with environmental goals. This theoretical part emphasizes the ethical issues that are the object of concern in the academic literature on the matter. Secondly, the analysis was conducted to evaluate the ethical challenges for both projects: the Pumalín project in Chile and the Nassonia project in Belgium. The methodology employed to carry it out was qualitative and based on a comparative evaluation grid. The results of each ethical challenge are discussed and compared for both projects in regards to the theoretical part. The conclusion of this thesis brings to light that all neoliberal projects do not face the same ethical challenges. It also highlights the fact that neoliberal conservation does not have to include market mechanisms to be efficient.
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New technologies are part of our world. They change the way people live and industries need to adapt themselves to follow the trend in order to stay competitive. Some innovations are successes and others are failures. Technologies invade every industry and every sector, no field is left. However, some of them have more difficulties than others to adapt their structure. This is the case of the financial sector for example. Therefore, insurance companies innovate in order to stay competitive and develop new products such as the online insurance. However, this innovation does not receive the success expected. This dissertation is inspired by a practical case encountered during an internship at Bâloise Assurances Luxembourg Company. Innovation is an important subject for insurance companies and this firm has trouble with one of their projects: the online insurance. The purpose of this thesis is to understand why the consumer does not adopt the product. On the one hand, this dissertation tries to understand the process to adopt an innovation and highlights some factors that might affect the behavior of a consumer regarding a specific technology based on the literature review. On the other hand, the thesis aims to analyze the Goodstart product of Bâloise Assurances Luxembourg based on qualitative and quantitative analyses. Those analyses will enable the company to make some conclusions regarding the performances of its product and also the responses of the clients. The conclusion of all the tests performed will provide some recommendations to improve the product Goodstart and its adoption in order the company can profit by them.
online insurance --- technology --- innovation --- insurance --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Marketing
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This master thesis called “When the non-profit associations face the new financing methods: study of the implementation of the rounding up in Belgium” tries to answer the following research question: Which factors are favorable or unfavorable to the implementation of the rounding up in Belgium? By conducting interviews with managers of retail brands and using data’s from the countries where the rounding up is implemented, the research brings to a list of influent factors to address the settings of the rounding up in Belgium. The cut in public financial supports for the non- profit organizations and the saturation of the Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) of the brand are, among others, two of those pertinent factors that answer the initial question. This work will also discuss ethical matters of the connection between philanthropy and corporate.
MicroDON --- Arrondi en caisse --- générosité embarquée --- arrondi --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Economie sociale
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Nowadays, many companies accomplish social actions in order to have a positive impact on the society. Among these actions, we find employee skilled-based volunteerism, a particular form of corporate philanthropy. It consists for the company in a free transfert of her collaborators during their working time to non-profit structures. It is on this particular emerging practice that our research work focus. A review of the literature on this subject has been conducted and has revealed that companies use skilled-based volunteering for strategic purposes. Researchers mention that this tool is used at different strategic level of the company: at the global strategy level, at the communication strategy level, at the corporate social responsibility strategy level and at the human resources strategy level. Our research aims to analyse if this facts apply to the Belgium territory. Indeed, the belgian litterature on the subject is limited. Moreover, no real cases were conducted by researchers to affirm the strategic dimension of skilled-based voluteering. Thus, our research focus on four case studies of belgian companies that practice employee skilled-based volunteerism. Our study was conducted through individual interviews. The following steps undertake in our research process consist in interpretating the results found in our case studies and confronting them to the hypotheses from our theoretical framework.
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