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This project-dissertation aims at supporting the Belgian company, Magotteaux Liège S.A., dealing with an environmental namely its carbon dioxide emissions. The scope of the project is limited to the shipments of Vaux-Sous-Chèvremont’s plant. Indeed, nowadays, companies are progressively including environmental concerns in their day-to-day management by implementing Environmental Management Systems. 
Theoretical research has shown that the level of CO2 in the atmosphere has risen since the beginning of the industrial era. It has been proven, up to 95%, that this rise was due to human activities and transportation activities are not negligible. In fact, these activities are responsible for a quarter of all the European emissions. That is the reason why helping companies decreasing their transportation activities’ environmental footprint is a key challenge. 
To help the companies evaluating their environmental impact, several tools have been developed. In the case of Magotteaux, the “Bilan Carbone®” method is used. The results of this CO2 emissions’ evaluation showed that, environmentally speaking, the use of two means of transport, road and air transports, should be reduced and that the sea and rail transports should be favoured. This could be achieved thanks to the combination of different means of transport, which is called the multimodal transport. 
Two different tools, still in development, will be considered in the future. On the one hand, the first one will help the company tracking all the CO2 of its transportation activities in real time and, on the other hand, the second one will help the employees in the decision making process of the transportation companies’ choice. However, in the development of this project, I have been confronted to some limitations in the research and sharing of environmental data.

Sciences économiques & de gestion > Domaines particuliers de l'économie (santé, travail, transport...)

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Scheduling problems are among the issues which are faced by almost every organization in the world. Optimally scheduling its activities allows a company to make the best use of its resources, let them be financial, human or machines. Unfortunately, it is seldom possible to simply use an existing solution. The aim of this thesis is to develop an MIP-based model taking into account the needs of a Belgian SME in the printing industry. This model’s objective is to be used as a decision making support tool, both on a day-to-day basis as well as for longer term strategic planning. The machine environment is modeled as a flexible flow shop. The extra constraints to take into account are release dates, an extra shared resource (operators) and the fact that some operations can be started at the end of the day and processed during the night without any supervision. The function to minimize is the sum of tardy jobs. The model was tested according to three scenarios using real historic data from the company and the modelling software Aimms. The results show that the tool is usable in practice for instances where at most 5 stages are considered. Unfortunately, I was not able to compare the results obtained with real delivery times. Therefore, I can’t confirm with certainty that the model offers better planning solutions. However, I am optimistic for the possibilities of this tool, especially at a strategic decision making level.

tardy jobs --- print --- operators --- shared resource --- release dates --- MIP model --- flexible flow shop --- scheduling --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Production, distribution & gestion de la chaîne logistique --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Méthodes quantitatives en économie & gestion

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Since the 2008 crisis, the financial industry has been assailed by an endless number of regulations. Whether brand new or steps in a journey – that nobody knows when it will end – each regulation influences the financial world. They have even become one of the main challenges for the market.
Mainly implemented to enhance the financial stability of the industry or to protect customers, they are too often perceived as significant costs for companies. Indeed, the price of reaching compliance is not to be underestimated as it includes both people and technology.
However, by choosing the right approach to their implementation, the firms impacted could actually save time and money in the long run. But to do so, they need to take well thought-out and judicious actions that best suit their business. These include strategic, operational and tactical responses. The implementation journey is therefore long and difficult.

Basel III --- Solvency II --- MiFID II --- opportunities --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Finance

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La globalisation et l’avènement de la vente en ligne accroissent l’importance de la gestion de l’entrepôt au sein de la chaîne logistique. PFSweb compte parmi les leaders mondiaux de la vente en ligne. Il est l’intermédiaire qui vend les produits des entreprises-clients en ligne aux particuliers ou à d’autres entreprises. Ce mémoire analyse les processus de préparation de leurs commandes. Il est divisé en deux parties. L’objectif de la première partie est de trouver un meilleur système de collecte de commandes pour l’entreprise-client Pandora. La seconde tend à optimiser le système actuel de collecte des commandes pour l’entreprise-client Clarins.
La première partie traite du choix du système de collecte des commandes afin de faire face à l’augmentation à moyen terme de la demande. Les facteurs internes et externes qui influencent ce choix sont détaillés. Leur analyse conduit au choix de la méthode de collecte des produits de façon synchronisée et par zones. Celle-ci est plus adaptée car modulable en raison du risque d’infidélité à long terme de l’entreprise-client à PFSweb. Le choix se posait entre la collecte globale et par zones. La collecte par zone a été choisie car elle permet de réduire la congestion dans les allées. Cette collecte par zone peut se faire de manière progressive ou synchronisée. La collecte synchronisée convient mieux car la perte de temps dû à l’assemblage des commandes est moindre que le gain de temps réalisé lors de leur collecte. En effet, ce client a peu de produits par commande. D’autres systèmes de collecte de commandes sont développés et corrélés à divers profils de clients.
La deuxième partie de ce mémoire propose des modifications du système actuel de collecte de produits afin de diminuer la distance parcourue par les employés lors d’un cycle de collecte. Le système analysé consiste en la récolte des produits par groupe de commandes. Ceux-ci sont triés simultanément dans un chariot à compartiments. L’analyse de la demande permet de classer les produits en deux groupes en fonction de leur popularité. Deux zones de stock sont considérées ; une avec les produits les plus demandés et l’autre avec les produits moins populaires. L’arrangement des étagères dans chaque zone et le trajet suivi par les opérateurs dans l’entrepôt sont ensuite déterminés afin de minimiser la distance parcourue. Un gain théorique de plus de 80% peut être espéré. Finalement, un nouveau regroupement des commandes par chariots évite aux opérateurs de parcourir toutes les allées lors d’une tournée. Le modèle utilisé est le « savings algorithm ». Sa performance est évaluée par l’écart type des tournées de collecte et la distance moyenne d’une tournée. Celle-ci est estimée réduite de près de 30% au prix d’une augmentation raisonnable de l’écart-type.

Gestion de l'entrepôt, système de collecte, processus de produits sortants, zones, groupement de commandes --- warehouse management, picking system, outbound processes, zoning, batching --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Production, distribution & gestion de la chaîne logistique

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This research focuses on the implementation of a CBS in Luxembourg banks which represents one of the greatest transformation challenges for them. This transformation disrupts completely the IT architecture of the banks and induces high investment costs. In addition, the high rate of failure of CBS implementation projects represents a major threat for banks and does not lead them from initiating such projects. The goals pursued by this study are classified in three parts but all aim at exploring and detailing the pros and cons involved in the implementation of the CBS. 
External market elements such as new regulations, customer’s new requirements and disruptive technology make the operation of the activities with a legacy CBS more and more difficult. It emphasizes how the implementation of CBS represents a hot topic for a majority of banks. Therefore KPMG Luxembourg launched its KPMG Core Banking System Survey in 2016 to analyse the trends driving the Luxembourg banks concerning the CBS replacement topic and its associated implementation project. The survey provided this research with data collected from surveyed banks. Indeed, a questionnaire has been sent to the participating banks whose replies have been leveraged to answer the topics addressed in this study. In addition to the survey findings, scientific literature, i.e. articles has been analysed to respond the research questions which have allowed this thesis to draw up statements by taking into account findings of both methods.
Regarding the challenges related to the implementation of a CBS, the study identified managing such a big transformation as the biggest issue for the banks. Despite the existence of such challenge and other ones mentioned in this research, banks still wants to implement a new CBS because of the benefits associated with a modern CBS. The main CBS renewal driver retrieved from the findings of this survey is to help cover business requirements. Finally, this study evaluated the performance of the current CBSs operating in the banks and the findings show that the majority of the CBSs would have difficulties to handle changes in the business activities of the banks. This study, by pointing out these findings, aims at providing better and relevant information for the banks to make their decisions for the topics related to the implementation of a CBS. Additional studies on the CBS implementation are needed to fill in the scientific resource gaps which have been identified by this study when constructing the literature review.

CBS --- Implementation --- Challenges --- Drivers --- ERP --- Automated processes --- Efficiency --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Finance