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In the early second century CE, two Jewish women, Babatha and Salome Komaise, lived in the village of Maoza on the southern coast of the Dead Sea. This was first part of the Nabataean Kingdom, but came under direct Roman rule in 106 CE as part of the province of Roman Arabia. The archives these two women left behind not only provide a tantalizing glimpse into their legal lives and those of their families, but also offer a vivid window onto the ways in which the inhabitants of this region interacted with their new rulers and how this affected the practice of law in this part of the Roman Empire. The papers in these archives are remarkable in their legal diversity, detailing Babatha and Salome Komaise's property and marriages, as well as their disputes. Nabataean, Roman, Greek, and Jewish legal elements are all in evidence, and are often combined within a single papyrus. As such, identifying the supposed 'operative law' of the documents has proven a highly contentious task: scholarly advocates of each of these traditions have failed to reach any true consensus and there remains division particularly between those who argue for a 'Roman' versus a 'Jewish' framework.00.

Roman law. --- Roman law --- Jewish law --- Manuscripts, Hebrew (Papyri) --- Droit juif --- Droit romain --- History --- Sources. --- Histoire --- Sources --- Dead Sea scrolls. --- Domestic relations (Jewish law). --- Domestic relations (Roman law). --- LAW --- Jewish law. --- Manuscripts, Hebrew (Papyri). --- Essays. --- General Practice. --- Jurisprudence. --- Paralegals & Paralegalism. --- Practical Guides. --- Reference. --- Domestic relations (jewish law). --- Domestic relations (roman law). --- Law --- Manuscripts, hebrew (papyri). --- General practice. --- Paralegals & paralegalism. --- Practical guides. --- Papyrus hébraïques --- Papyrus hébraïques --- Domestic relations (Jewish law) --- Domestic relations (Roman law)

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Martin Goodman’s forty years of scholarship in Roman history and ancient Judaism demonstrates how each discipline illuminates the other: Jewish history makes best sense in a broader Greco-Roman context; Roman history has much to learn from Jewish sources and evidence. In this volume, Martin’s colleagues and students follow his example by examining Jews and non-Jews in mutual contemplation. Part 1 explores Jews’ views of inter-communal stasis, the causes of the Bar Kochba revolt, tales of Herodian intrigue, and the meaning of “Israel.” Part 2 investigates Jews depiction of outsiders: Moabites, Greeks, Arabs, and Roman authorities. Part 3 explores early Christians’ (Luke, Jerome, Rufinus, Syriac poetry, Pionius, ordinary individuals) views of Jews and use of Jewish sources, and Josephus’s relevance for girls in 19th century Britain.

Christianity and other religions --- Judaism --- Rome --- Judaism.  --- Relations --- Christianity.  --- Civilization.  --- History --- Judaism. --- Christianity.

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The Roman empire set law at the center of its very identity. A complex and robust ideology of law and justice is evident not only in the dynamics of imperial administration, but a host of cultural arenas. Citizenship named the privilege of falling under Roman jurisdiction, legal expertise was cultural capital. A faith in the emperor’s intimate concern for justice was a key component of the voluntary connection binding Romans and provincials to the state. Even as law was a central mechanism for control and the administration of state violence, it also exerted a magnetic effect on the peoples under its control. Adopting a range of approaches, the essays explore the impact of Roman law, both in the tribunal and in the culture. Unique to this anthology is attention to legal professionals and cultural intermediaries operating at the empire’s periphery. The studies here allow one to see how law operated among a range of populations and provincials—from Gauls and Brittons to Egyptians and Jews—exploring the ways local peoples creatively navigated, and constructed, their legal realities between Roman and local mores. They draw our attention to the space between laws and legal ideas, between ethnic, especially Jewish, life and law and the structures of Roman might; cases in which shared concepts result in diverse ends; the pageantry of the legal tribunal, the imperatives and corruptions of power differentials; and the importance of reading the gaps between depiction of law and its actual workings. This volume is unusual in bringing Jewish, and especially rabbinic, sources and perspectives together with Roman, Greek or Christian ones. This is the result of its being part of the research program “Judaism and Rome” (ERC Grant Agreement no. 614 424), dedicated to the study of the impact of the Roman empire upon ancient Judaism.

Classics --- History --- Law --- droit romain --- droit juifs --- religion --- Roman law --- Jewish law --- 30 B.C.-476 A.D. --- Rome --- Rome (Empire) --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Histoire --- Empire, Period as (Rome) --- Rim --- Roman Empire --- Roman Republic --- Romi (Empire) --- Byzantine Empire --- Italy --- Roman Republic (510-30 B.C.) --- Rome (Italy)