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Over the past fifty years, Puerto Rican voters have roundly rejected any calls for national independence. Yet the rhetoric and iconography of independence have been defining features of Puerto Rican literature and culture. In the provocative new book Dream Nation, María Acosta Cruz investigates the roots and effects of this profound disconnect between cultural fantasy and political reality. Bringing together texts from Puerto Rican literature, history, and popular culture, Dream Nation shows how imaginings of national independence have served many competing purposes. They have given authority to the island's literary and artistic establishment but have also been a badge of countercultural cool. These ideas have been fueled both by nostalgia for an imagined past and by yearning for a better future. They have fostered local communities on the island, and still helped define Puerto Rican identity within U.S. Latino culture. In clear, accessible prose, Acosta Cruz takes us on a journey from the 1898 annexation of Puerto Rico to the elections of 2012, stopping at many cultural touchstones along the way, from the canonical literature of the Generación del 30 to the rap music of Tego Calderón. Dream Nation thus serves both as a testament to how stories, symbols, and heroes of independence have inspired the Puerto Rican imagination and as an urgent warning about how this culture has become detached from the everyday concerns of the island's people. A volume in the American Literature Initiatives series

National characteristics, Puerto Rican. --- Puerto Rican literature --- Puerto Rican national characteristics --- History and criticism. --- Puerto Rico --- History --- Autonomy and independence movements. --- Civilization.

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Portuguese --- -Ethnology --- History --- Asia --- Goa, Daman and Diu (India) --- -History. --- History. --- -History

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Rhodes, Lis

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When It Comes to Reading, Writers Have an Advantage. We know that writing skills reinforce reading skills, but what's the best way to capitalize on this beneficial relationship? By flipping the traditional "reading lesson first, writing lesson second" sequence, Colleen Cruz ingeniously helps you make the most of the writing-to-reading connection with carefully matched, conceptually connected lesson pairs. The result is a healthy reciprocity that effectively and efficiently develops students' literacy skills. Backed by long-term academic and field research, Writers Read Better: Narrative presents a series of 50 tightly interconnected lesson pairs that can be implemented either as a complete curriculum or as a supplement to an existing program. Each pairing leads with a writing lesson, used as a springboard for the reading lesson that will follow. Throughout the book's four sections, organized to help you teach tightly aligned lessons and units on reading and writing narrative, you'll discover . Kid-friendly approaches to virtually every matter of craft, including symbolism, tenses, the role of first and last words, dialogue as character fingerprint, giving weight to what's important, and much more . Clear guidance on the intention of each lesson, the type of narrative genre it's ideally suited for, and step-by-step plans . Sample teacher language for introducing and coaching each lesson . Mentor text excerpts to use as models for personal narrative, memoir, and story writing . Tips on building and organizing a contemporary classroom library filled with inspiring, illustrative texts, and how you can incorporate the tools, technology and media available in your classroom to make each lesson most effective . Sample student work, online videos and other supporting resources Complete with practical suggestions on adapting the lessons to suit the particular needs of your classroom as well as individual students, Writers Reader Better: Narrative offers a solid foundation for giving your students the advantage of powerful, transferable literacy skills.

Language arts (Secondary) --- English language --- Reading (Secondary) --- Composition (Language arts) --- Composition and exercises --- Study and teaching (Secondary)

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