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How do formal institutions affect the extent to which democracies adopt policies that reflect the preferences of their citizens? Based on a chain of representation model in which electoral rules and policy-making powers link citizens, politicians, and policies, this book reveals the conditions under which citizen preferences and implemented policies diverge. Comparative quantitative analyses encompassing eighteen Latin American countries show that presidential democracies vary greatly in the degree to which they demonstrate responsiveness to their electorates. Often, individual presidents with strong legislative powers have prompted policy changes that are unrepresentative of voter preferences. Other times, their interactions with legislatures result in more representative policies. Grounded in clear theory and thorough empirics, this study shows how rules can introduce dissonance between voters and politicians, but also how they can potentially reduce it. This is an excellent resource for scholars and graduate students interested in comparative politics, institutional design, economic policy, and Latin American studies.

Representative government and representation --- Political participation --- Public opinion --- Presidents --- Executive power --- Political planning --- Policy sciences --- Policy-making --- Policymaking --- Public policy management --- Planning in politics --- Public policy --- Planning --- Politics, Practical --- Public administration --- Emergency powers --- Power, Executive --- Political science --- Implied powers (Constitutional law) --- Separation of powers --- Presidency --- Heads of state --- Opinion, Public --- Perception, Public --- Popular opinion --- Public perception --- Public perceptions --- Judgment --- Social psychology --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Focus groups --- Reputation --- Powers --- Latin America --- Politics and government. --- Representative government and representation - Latin America --- Political participation - Latin America --- Public opinion - Latin America --- Presidents - Latin America --- Executive power - Latin America --- Political planning - Latin America --- Policy sciences - Latin America --- Latin America - Politics and government

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Political parties --- Latin America