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Book
National Guard Youth ChalleNGe : program progress in 2019-2020
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation

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Abstract

The National Guard Youth Challenge (ChalleNGe) program serves young people who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school through a quasi-military, 5.5-month residential program. The RAND Corporation's ongoing analyses of the ChalleNGe program are designed to meet multiple objectives. The first is to gather and analyze existing data from each ChalleNGe site to support the program's yearly report to Congress. To that end, the authors of this report document the progress of program participants (or "cadets") in 2019 and 2020. Participation in the ChalleNGe program remains strong; nearly 13,000 young people entered the ChalleNGe program during 2019, and over 9,500 of those graduated. Among graduates, the vast majority left the program with a recognized credential or with credits toward high school graduation. ChalleNGe is a well-established program with sites in the majority of states, but given the relatively short duration of the residential portion, the program provides limited career and technical training. In recent years, Job ChalleNGe programs have been established at six sites. Job ChalleNGe builds on the ChalleNGe model by providing additional training to ChalleNGe graduates. Job ChalleNGe provides this training through a 5.5-month residential program that focuses on developing career and technical skills. The authors of this report provide initial implementation findings in this document and include a summary of planned future analyses to support ChalleNGe and Job ChalleNGe. Additionally, the authors examine some of the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on both programs.


Book
Gender Differences in Health Among U.S. Service Members: Unwanted Gender-Based Experiences as an Explanatory Factor
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2022 Publisher: RAND Corporation

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Women serving in the U.S. military are more likely to report mental health problems than men, including symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Women also experience much higher rates of sexual harassment, gender discrimination, and sexual assault than men. This report examines how unwanted gender-based experiences among military service members relate to differences in health. The authors find that, once experiences of gender discrimination, sexual harassment, and sexual assault are accounted for, gender differences in health are largely attenuated. That is, the vulnerability to physical and mental health problems among female service members appears to be highly correlated with these unwanted gender-based experiences. The results highlight the possible health benefits of improved prevention of gender discrimination, sexual harassment, and sexual assault, and they indicate the need to address the mental and physical health of service members exposed to these types of experiences.

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Book
National Guard Youth ChalleNGe: Program Progress in 2017–2018
Authors: --- --- --- ---
Year: 2019 Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation

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The National Guard Youth ChalleNGe program is a residential, quasi-military program for youth ages 16–18 who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school. Participating states operate the program, which began in the mid-1990s, with supporting federal funds and oversight from state National Guard organizations. RAND's ongoing analysis of the ChalleNGe program has two primary objectives. The first is to gather and analyze existing data from each ChalleNGe site on an annual basis to support the program's yearly report to Congress. This RAND report, the third in a series of four annual reports, documents the progress of program participants (or "cadets") in 2017–2018. The second objective of this project is to identify longer-term metrics for the overall effectiveness of the program, including ones that will help determine how site-level differences influence program effectiveness. In addition to preparing this year's annual report, the RAND study team also undertook several analytic efforts that address components of the ChalleNGe program. These additional analytic efforts are intended to address gaps in data collection, particularly around long-term outcomes, and better understand program design and implementation issues (for instance, how to improve the mentoring component). This report includes a review of a few of the analytic efforts the study team developed over the past year in support of the ChalleNGe program, including a benchmarking analysis aimed at developing realistic goals and expectations for ChalleNGe participants.

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Book
National Guard Youth ChalleNGe : program progress in 2018-2019
Authors: --- --- --- ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. RAND Corporation

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The National Guard Youth ChalleNGe program is a residential, quasi-military program for youth ages 16 to 18 who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school. This report covers the program years 2018–2019 and is the fourth in a series of annual reports that RAND Corporation researchers have issued over the course of a research project spanning September 2016 to June 2020. Each annual report documents the progress of participants who entered ChalleNGe during specific program years and then completed the program. A focus of the ongoing analysis of the ChalleNGe program is collecting data in a consistent manner. Based on these data, each report also includes a trend analysis. In this report, researchers provide information in support of the National Guard Youth ChalleNGe Program's required annual report to Congress. In addition to information on participants who entered the ChalleNGe program and completed it in 2018, the authors include follow-up information on those who entered the program and completed it in 2017. Finally, they describe and provide syntheses of other ongoing research efforts to support the ChalleNGe program. Methods used in this study include site visits, collection and analyses of quantitative and qualitative data, literature reviews, and development of tools to assist in improving all program metrics — for example, a program logic model. Caveats to be considered include some documented inconsistencies in reported data across sites, a focus on those who completed the program and not on all participants, and the short-run nature of many of the metrics reported.


Book
Sexual Assault Experiences in the Active-Component Army: Variation by Year, Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Installation Risk Level
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2022 Publisher: RAND Corporation

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To better understand the circumstances surrounding sexual assault in the Army, RAND Arroyo Center researchers created descriptions of active-component soldiers' most serious sexual assault experiences using data from the 2016 and 2018 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Members. In this report, researchers describe the most common types of behaviors that occurred, characteristics of alleged perpetrators, and times and places in which the experiences occurred. They also explore differences by gender, sexual orientation, and installation risk level. Nearly 90 percent of victims believed that the assault was committed for a sexual reason, and more than half indicated that the assault was meant to be abusive or humiliating. The typical perpetrator of victims' most serious sexual assault experiences was a male enlisted member of the military acting alone. Perpetrators were most often a military peer of the victim; perpetrators who were strangers to the victim were uncommon; and assaults by spouses, significant others, or family members were comparatively rare. Approximately two-thirds of victims' most serious experience of sexual assault occurred at a military installation. The authors found substantial differences by gender, especially in terms of the types of sexual assault behaviors victims experienced and in terms of the setting in which victims were sexually assaulted. The authors also found some evidence suggesting that sexual minorities-that is, individuals who identify with a sexual orientation other than heterosexual-may experience more-violent sexual assaults and more assaults that are meant to abuse, humiliate, haze, or bully, especially among men.

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Book
Types of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment in the Active-Duty Army
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2023 Publisher: RAND Corporation

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The Department of Defense Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Members (WGRA) assesses whether service members experienced behaviors consistent with sexual assault or sexual harassment in the past year. For the most-serious experiences identified by respondents, the WGRA also measures a wide variety of victim characteristics, perpetrator characteristics, specific behaviors, and the context in which events occurred. This report describes the results of analyses run within the Army sample of the 2018 WGRA. These analyses sorted the sexual assault and sexual harassment experiences of victims into separate types based on the behaviors involved, the context and location of the events, the perpetrator characteristics, and the victim characteristics. This process defined five types of sexual assault and eight types of sexual harassment. The report describes these types of sexual assault and sexual harassment and assesses how common each type is in the Army. The report describes a breadth of both sexual assault and sexual harassment experiences that go beyond those typically discussed in prevention materials, and that might cause some to reassess common stereotypes about sexual assault and sexual harassment. This more detailed description of these experiences should inform Army prevention and response efforts to ensure that they reflect the full range of experiences that are prevalent in the Army.

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Book
National Guard Youth ChalleNGe : program progress in 2021-2022
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2023 Publisher: RAND Corporation

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National Guard Youth ChalleNGe is a residential, quasi-military program for young people ages 16 to 18 who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school. This report covers the program years 2021–2022 and is the seventh in a series of annual reports that RAND Corporation researchers have issued over the course of two research projects. Each annual report supports the program's annual report to Congress and documents the progress of participants who entered ChalleNGe during specific program years. In this report, the authors provide information on program participants in 2021, as well as some follow-up information on those who entered the program in 2020. This report draws primarily on quantitative program and site data but also draws on analyses of existing literature, quantitative data describing the civilian labor market, and qualitative data collected from virtual site visits and interviews. Caveats to be considered include some documented inconsistencies in reported data across sites and the short-run nature of many of the metrics reported here.


Book
Considerations Around the Use of Intensive Outpatient Programs for Service Members Who Experienced Sexual Trauma in the U.S. Military
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2023 Publisher: RAND Corporation

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Section 702 of the fiscal year 2019 National Defense Authorization Act directed the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) to conduct a pilot study to assess the feasibility and advisability of using intensive outpatient treatment programs to address posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associated mental health problems among service members who have experienced sexual harassment or sexual assault while in the military. RAND researchers conducted a programmatic review of four intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) — two in the private sector and two in DoD — to understand different program components available to active-duty service members who have suffered sexual trauma and other trauma. A review of policies to understand TRICARE authorization procedures and other regulations governing IOPs and an analysis of data from the 2014 RAND Military Workplace Study survey on the prevalence of sexual trauma among personnel with mental health conditions helped obtain contextual information to inform the Psychological Health Center of Excellence's response to Congress. The review identified evidence-based approaches that IOPs have successfully used in programs designed for military service members and barriers to using this type of care to treat members of the military community. While examining the IOP model of care, the research team identified knowledge gaps surrounding the experiences, treatment needs, and effectiveness of different treatment components and models of care for active-duty service members affected by the mental health consequences of sexual harassment and sexual assault in the military.

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Book
National Guard Youth ChalleNGe : program progress in 2016-2017

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"The National Guard Youth ChalleNGe program is a residential, quasi-military program for young people ages 16-18 who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school. The program is operated by participating states through their state National Guard organizations with supporting federal funds and oversight. The first ChalleNGe sites began in the mid-1990s; today there are 40 ChalleNGe sites in 29 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. To date, nearly 155,000 young people have completed the ChalleNGe program. This report is the second in a series supporting ChalleNGe's reporting requirement to Congress. RAND researchers' analyses of ChalleNGe began in September 2016; ongoing efforts will continue through June 2020. We will produce two more reports in the coming years. This report presents information on recent National Guard Youth ChalleNGe program participants (those who entered ChalleNGe during 2016). This report also documents progress toward the second main goal of the project: to develop longer-term metrics to measure the effectiveness of the program and to determine how site-level differences influence effectiveness. These metrics will make it possible to determine how well the ChalleNGe program is doing in meeting its mission, 'to intervene in and reclaim the lives of 16-18-year-old high school dropouts, producing program graduates with the values, life skills, education, and self-discipline necessary to succeed as productive citizens'"--RAND website


Book
National Guard Youth ChalleNGe : program progress in 2015-2016

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"The National Guard Youth ChalleNGe program is a residential, quasi-military program for young people ages 16-18 who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school. The program is operated by participating states through their state National Guard organizations with supporting federal funds and oversight. The first ChalleNGe sites began in the mid-1990s; today there are 40 ChalleNGe sites in 29 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. To date, more than 145,000 young people have completed the ChalleNGe program. Congress requires the ChalleNGe program to deliver a report on its progress each year. The program includes a 5.5-month Residential Phase followed by a 12-month Post-Residential Phase, which includes support from a mentor. The stated goal of ChalleNGe is "to intervene in and reclaim the lives of 16-18-year-old high school dropouts, producing program graduates with the values, life skills, education, and self-discipline necessary to succeed as productive citizens." In this report, we provide information on recent ChalleNGe participants, is in support of the required annual report to Congress. We also lay out a framework for evaluating ChalleNGe sites. Subsequent reports will provide additional information on future cohorts of students, will build on this framework to develop more detailed and more effective metrics, and will provide strategies for data collection in support of these metrics. Methods used in this study include site visits, data collection and analysis, literature review, and development of two tools to assist in improving the metrics - a theory of change (TOC) and a program logic model. "--Publisher's description.

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