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Executive power --- Political parties --- Pouvoir exécutif --- Partis politiques --- Argentina --- Venezuela --- Argentine --- Economic policy. --- Politique économique --- Economic policy --- Pouvoir exécutif --- Politique économique --- Executive power - Argentina. --- Executive power - Venezuela. --- Political parties - Argentina. --- Political parties - Venezuela. --- Executive power - Venezuela --- Political parties - Argentina --- Political parties - Venezuela --- Argentina - Economic policy --- Venezuela - Economic policy

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The first section of this Element reviews the history of LGBTQ rights in the region since the 1960s. The second section reviews explanations for the expansion of rights and setbacks, especially since the mid 2000s. Explanations are organized according to three themes: (1) the (re-)emergence of a religious cleavage; (2) the role of political institutions such as presidential leadership, political parties, federalism, courts, and transnational forces; and (3) the role of social movement strategies, and especially, unity. The last section compares the progress on LGBTQ rights (significant) with reproductive rights (insignificant). This Element concludes with an overview of the causes and possible future direction of the current backlash against LGBTQ rights.

Sexual minorities --- Civil rights --- Gender minorities --- GLBT people --- GLBTQ people --- Lesbigay people --- LBG people --- LGBT people --- LGBTQ people --- Non-heterosexual people --- Non-heterosexuals --- Sexual dissidents --- Minorities

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Economic policy and planning (general) --- Argentina

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"The city of Buenos Aires has guaranteed all couples, regardless of gender, the right to register civil unions. Mexico City has approved the Cohabitation Law, which grants same-sex couples marital rights identical to those of common-law relationships between men and women. Yet, a gay man was murdered every two days in Latin America in 2005, and Brazil recently led the world in homophobic murders. These facts illustrate the wide disparity in the treatment and rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations across the region. The Politics of Sexuality in Latin America presents the first English-language reader on LGBT politics in Latin America. Representing a range of contemporary works by scholars, activists, analysts, and politicians, the chapters address LGBT issues in nations from Cuba to Argentina. In their many findings, two main themes emerge: the struggle for LGBT rights has made significant inroads in the first decade of the twenty-first century (though not in every domain or every region); and the advances made were slow in coming compared to other social movements. The articles uncover the many obstacles that LGBT activists face in establishing new laws and breaking down societal barriers. They identify perhaps the greatest roadblock in Latin American culture as an omnipresent system of “heteronormativity,” wherein heterosexuality, patriarchalism, gender hierarchies, and economic structures are deeply rooted in nearly every level of society. Along these lines, the texts explore specific impediments including family dependence, lack of public spaces, job opportunities, religious dictums, personal security, the complicated relationship between leftist political parties and LGBT movements in the region, and the ever-present “closets,” which keep LGBT issues out of the public eye. The volume also looks to the future of LGBT activism in Latin America in areas such as globalization, changing demographics, the role of NGOs, and the rise of economic levels and education across societies, which may aid in a greater awareness of LGBT politics and issues. As the editors posit, to be democratic in the truest sense of the word, nations must recognize and address all segments of their populations." --

Sexualité --- --Amérique latine --- --Homosexualité --- --Sex --- Gay rights --- Sex and law --- Political aspects --- Sex --- Sex and law. --- Sexuality. --- Politics. --- Conservatism --- Decentralization --- Liberalism --- Political Factors --- Voting --- Political Activity --- Activities, Political --- Activity, Political --- Factor, Political --- Factors, Political --- Political Activities --- Political Factor --- Dissent and Disputes --- Law and sex --- Sex crimes --- Gay and lesbian rights --- Gay men --- Gays --- Lesbian rights --- Lesbians --- Rights of gays --- Rights of lesbians --- Civil rights --- Gender (Sex) --- Human beings --- Human sexuality --- Sex (Gender) --- Sexual behavior --- Sexual practices --- Sexuality --- Sexology --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Politics --- Law and legislation --- Homosexualité --- Sex - Political aspects - Latin America --- Gay rights - Latin America --- Amérique latine --- Gender identity --- Homosexuality --- Transgender people --- Bisexuals --- Gay people. --- Bisexual people.

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Internal politics --- International relations. Foreign policy --- Chávez, Hugo --- Venezuela