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This book brings together twenty-three distinctive and influential essays on ancient moral philosophy--including several published here for the first time--by the distinguished philosopher and classical scholar John Cooper. The volume gives a systematic account of many of the most important issues and texts in ancient moral psychology and ethical theory, providing a unified and illuminating way of reflecting on the fields as they developed from Socrates and Plato through Aristotle to Epicurus and the Stoic philosophers Chrysippus and Posidonius, and beyond. For the ancient philosophers, Cooper shows here, morality was "good character" and what that entailed: good judgment, sensitivity, openness, reflectiveness, and a secure and correct sense of who one was and how one stood in relation to others and the surrounding world. Ethical theory was about the best way to be rather than any principles for what to do in particular circumstances or in relation to recurrent temptations. Moral psychology was the study of the psychological conditions required for good character--the sorts of desires, the attitudes to self and others, the states of mind and feeling, the kinds of knowledge and insight. Together these papers illustrate brilliantly how, by studying the arguments of the Greek philosophers in their diverse theories about the best human life and its psychological underpinnings, we can expand our own moral understanding and imagination and enrich our own moral thought. The collection will be crucial reading for anyone interested in classical philosophy and what it can contribute to reflection on contemporary questions about ethics and human life.

Philosophical anthropology --- General ethics --- Antiquity --- Ethics, Ancient. --- Morale ancienne --- Plato --- Aristotle --- Ethics. --- 1 <38> --- 17 --- Ethics, Ancient --- Ancient ethics --- Griekse filosofie --- Filosofische ethiek --- -Aristoteles --- Aflāṭūn --- Aplaton --- Bolatu --- Platon, --- Platonas --- Platone --- Po-la-tʻu --- Pʻŭllatʻo --- Pʻŭllatʻon --- Pʻuratʻon --- Πλάτων --- אפלטון --- פלאטא --- פלאטאן --- פלאטו --- أفلاطون --- 柏拉圖 --- 플라톤 --- Ethics --- 17 Filosofische ethiek --- 1 <38> Griekse filosofie --- Aristoteles --- Aristote --- Aristotile --- Platon --- Platoon --- Arisṭāṭṭil --- Aristo, --- Aristotel --- Aristotele --- Aristóteles, --- Aristòtil --- Arisṭū --- Arisṭūṭālīs --- Arisutoteresu --- Arystoteles --- Ya-li-shih-to-te --- Ya-li-ssu-to-te --- Yalishiduode --- Yalisiduode --- Ἀριστοτέλης --- Αριστοτέλης --- Аристотел --- ארסטו --- אריםטו --- אריסטו --- אריסטוטלס --- אריסטוטלוס --- אריסטוטליס --- أرسطاطاليس --- أرسططاليس --- أرسطو --- أرسطوطالس --- أرسطوطاليس --- ابن رشد --- اريسطو --- Pseudo Aristotele --- Pseudo-Aristotle --- Платон --- プラトン --- アリストテレス --- 17 Moral philosophy. Ethics. Practical philosophy --- Moral philosophy. Ethics. Practical philosophy --- Antiochus. --- Athenaeus. --- Bruns, Ivo. --- Burkert, W. --- Chrysippus. --- Cicero. --- Diotima. --- Epictetus. --- Isocrates. --- Kelsey, Sean. --- Lucretius. --- Marcus Aurelius. --- Mitsis, Phillip. --- Olympiodorus. --- Penner, T. --- Plotinus. --- Posidonius. --- Priam. --- Strauss, L. --- akrasia. --- altruism. --- animals. --- co-instantiation. --- courage. --- death. --- dialectic. --- educators. --- empiricism. --- ethics. --- eudaimonism. --- flourishing. --- goods, external. --- hedonism. --- imagination. --- incontinence. --- interentailment of virtues. --- justice. --- knowledge. --- language. --- moral psychology. --- motivations, human. --- music. --- nature. --- nonrational desires. --- objectivity. --- oratory. --- perfection. --- phantasiai. --- piety. --- rhetoric. --- self-awareness. --- suicide.

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Ethics, Ancient --- Reason --- Aristotle --- -Mind --- Intellect --- Rationalism --- Ancient ethics --- History --- Aristoteles --- Contributions in ethics. --- Ethics, Ancient. --- Reason. --- Aristotle. --- -History --- Aristote --- Aristotile --- -Ancient ethics --- Mind --- General ethics --- Aristoteles. --- Arisṭāṭṭil --- Aristo, --- Aristotel --- Aristotele --- Aristóteles, --- Aristòtil --- Arisṭū --- Arisṭūṭālīs --- Arisutoteresu --- Arystoteles --- Ya-li-shih-to-te --- Ya-li-ssu-to-te --- Yalishiduode --- Yalisiduode --- Ἀριστοτέλης --- Αριστοτέλης --- Аристотел --- ארסטו --- אריםטו --- אריסטו --- אריסטוטלס --- אריסטוטלוס --- אריסטוטליס --- أرسطاطاليس --- أرسططاليس --- أرسطو --- أرسطوطالس --- أرسطوطاليس --- ابن رشد --- اريسطو --- Pseudo Aristotele --- Pseudo-Aristotle --- アリストテレス

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This is a major reinterpretation of ancient philosophy that recovers the long Greek and Roman tradition of philosophy as a complete way of life--and not simply an intellectual discipline. Distinguished philosopher John Cooper traces how, for many ancient thinkers, philosophy was not just to be studied or even used to solve particular practical problems. Rather, philosophy--not just ethics but even logic and physical theory--was literally to be lived. Yet there was great disagreement about how to live philosophically: philosophy was not one but many, mutually opposed, ways of life. Examining this tradition from its establishment by Socrates in the fifth century BCE through Plotinus in the third century CE and the eclipse of pagan philosophy by Christianity, Pursuits of Wisdom examines six central philosophies of living--Socratic, Aristotelian, Stoic, Epicurean, Skeptic, and the Platonist life of late antiquity. The book describes the shared assumptions that allowed these thinkers to conceive of their philosophies as ways of life, as well as the distinctive ideas that led them to widely different conclusions about the best human life. Clearing up many common misperceptions and simplifications, Cooper explains in detail the Socratic devotion to philosophical discussion about human nature, human life, and human good; the Aristotelian focus on the true place of humans within the total system of the natural world; the Stoic commitment to dutifully accepting Zeus's plans; the Epicurean pursuit of pleasure through tranquil activities that exercise perception, thought, and feeling; the Skeptical eschewal of all critical reasoning in forming their beliefs; and, finally, the late Platonist emphasis on spiritual concerns and the eternal realm of Being. Pursuits of Wisdom is essential reading for anyone interested in understanding what the great philosophers of antiquity thought was the true purpose of philosophy--and of life.

Conduct of life. --- Wisdom. --- Philosophy, Ancient. --- Ethics, Practical --- Morals --- Personal conduct --- Ethics --- Philosophical counseling --- Experience --- Intellect --- Learning and scholarship --- Reason --- Ancient philosophy --- Greek philosophy --- Philosophy, Greek --- Philosophy, Roman --- Roman philosophy --- Aristotelian life. --- Aristotle. --- Epicurean life. --- Epicurus. --- Hadot. --- Plato. --- Platonism. --- Platonist life. --- Plotinus. --- Pyrrhonian skepticism. --- Sextus Empiricus. --- Skeptic life. --- Socrates. --- Socratic knowledge. --- Socratic life. --- Stoic life. --- Stoicism. --- Stoics. --- ancient philosophy. --- biology. --- contemplative life. --- dialectic. --- ethics. --- happiness. --- human life. --- logic knowledge. --- logic. --- metaphysics. --- moral philosophy. --- physical theory. --- skeptics. --- virtues. --- wisdom.

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Reason --- Ethics, Ancient --- Raison --- Morale ancienne --- History --- Histoire --- Aristotle --- Ethics.

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