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Paradoxes are arguments that lead from apparently true premises, via apparently uncontroversial reasoning, to a false or even contradictory conclusion. Paradoxes threaten our basic understanding of central concepts such as space, time, motion, infinity, truth, knowledge, and belief. In this volume Roy T Cook provides a sophisticated, yet accessible and entertaining, introduction to the study of paradoxes, one that includes a detailed examination of a wide variety of paradoxes. The book is organized around four important types of paradox: the semantic paradoxes involving truth, the set–theoretic paradoxes involving arbitrary collections of objects, the Soritical paradoxes involving vague concepts, and the epistemic paradoxes involving knowledge and belief. In each of these cases, Cook frames the discussion in terms of four different approaches one might take towards solving such paradoxes. Each chapter concludes with a number of exercises that illustrate the philosophical arguments and logical concepts involved in the paradoxes. Paradoxes is the ideal introduction to the topic and will be a valuable resource for scholars and students in a wide variety of disciplines who wish to understand the important role that paradoxes have played, and continue to play, in contemporary philosophy.
Logic --- Paradox. --- Philosophy. --- Paradox --- Figures of speech --- Contradiction --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Methodology --- Logic - Philosophy
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Roy T. Cook examines the Yablo paradox, a paradoxical, infinite sequence of sentences, each of which entails the falsity of all others that follow it. He focuses on questions of characterization, circularity and generalizability, and pays special attention to the idea that it provides us with a semantic paradox that involves no circularity. Roy T Cook examines the Yablo paradox-a paradoxical, infinite sequence of sentences, each of which entails the falsity of all others later than it in the sequence-with special attention paid to the idea that this paradox provides us with a semantic paradox that involves no circularity. The three main chapters of the book focus, respectively, on three questions that can be (and have been) asked about the Yablo construction. First we have the Characterization Problem, which asks what patterns of sentential reference (circular or not) generate semantic paradoxes. Addressing this problem requires an interesting and fruitful detour through the theory of directed graphs, allowing us to draw interesting connections between philosophical problems and purely mathematical ones. Next is the Circularity Question, which addresses whether or not the Yablo paradox is genuinely non-circular. Answering this question is complicated: although the original formulation of the Yablo paradox is circular, it turns out that it is not circular in any sense that can bear the blame for the paradox. Further, formulations of the paradox using infinitary conjunction provide genuinely non-circular constructions. Finally, Cook turns his attention to the Generalizability Question: can the Yabloesque pattern be used to generate genuinely non-circular variants of other paradoxes, such as epistemic and set-theoretic paradoxes? Cook argues that although there are general constructions-unwindings-that transform circular constructions into Yablo-like sequences, it turns out that these sorts of constructions are not 'well-behaved' when transferred from semantic puzzles to puzzles of other sorts. He concludes with a short discussion of the connections between the Yablo paradox and the Curry paradox.
Logic --- Paradox. --- Logic. --- Paradox --- Language and languages --- Philosophy --- Language and languages - Philosophy
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This volume collects together a number of important papers concerning both the method of abstraction generally and the use of particular abstraction principles to reconstruct central areas of mathematics along logicist lines. Gottlob Frege's original logicist project was, in effect, refuted by Russell's paradox. Crispin Wright has recently revived Frege’s enterprise, however, providing a philosophical and technical framework within which a reconstruction of arithmetic is possible. While the Neo-Fregean project has received extensive attention and discussion, the present volume is unique in presenting a thorough going examination of the mathematical aspects of the neo-logicist project (and the particular philosophical issues arising from these technical concerns). Attention is focused on extending the Neo-Fregean treatment to all of mathematics, with the reconstruction of real analysis from various cut - or cauchy-sequence-related abstraction principles and the reconstruction of set theory from various restricted versions of Basic Law V as case studies. As a result, the volume provides a test of the scope and limits of the neo-logicist project, detailing what has been accomplished and outlining the desiderata still outstanding. All papers in the anthology have their origins in presentations at Arché events, thus providing a volume that is both a survey of the cutting edge in research on the technical aspects of abstraction and a catalogue of the work in this area that has been supported in various ways by Arché.
Mathematics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical. --- Abstraction. --- Philosophy. --- Mathematics. --- Logic. --- Philosophy and science. --- Mathematical logic. --- Mathematics, general. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Mathematical Logic and Foundations. --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Science and philosophy --- Science --- Math --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Methodology --- Logic of mathematics --- Mathematics, Logic of --- Abstract thought --- Cognition --- Logic --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science
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Mathematical logic --- Theory of knowledge --- Philosophy of science --- Logic --- epistomologie --- wiskunde --- logica
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This book explores the research of Professor Hilary Putnam, a Harvard professor as well as a leading philosopher, mathematician and computer scientist. It features the work of distinguished scholars in the field as well as a selection of young academics who have studied topics closely connected to Putnam’s work. It includes 12 papers that analyze, develop, and constructively criticize this notable professor's research in mathematical logic, the philosophy of logic and the philosophy of mathematics. In addition, it features a short essay presenting reminiscences and anecdotes about Putnam from his friends and colleagues, and also includes an extensive bibliography of his work in mathematics and logic. The book offers readers a comprehensive review of outstanding contributions in logic and mathematics as well as an engaging dialogue between prominent scholars and researchers. It provides those interested in mathematical logic, the philosophy of logic, and the philosophy of mathematics unique insights into the work of Hilary Putnam.
Field theory (Physics) --- Classical field theory --- Continuum physics --- Physics --- Continuum mechanics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical. --- Science --- Logic. --- Mathematical Logic and Foundations. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Philosophy. --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Methodology --- Mathematical logic. --- Philosophy and science. --- Science and philosophy
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Aesthetics --- Film --- Literature
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This book explores the research of Professor Hilary Putnam, a Harvard professor as well as a leading philosopher, mathematician and computer scientist. It features the work of distinguished scholars in the field as well as a selection of young academics who have studied topics closely connected to Putnam’s work. It includes 12 papers that analyze, develop, and constructively criticize this notable professor's research in mathematical logic, the philosophy of logic and the philosophy of mathematics. In addition, it features a short essay presenting reminiscences and anecdotes about Putnam from his friends and colleagues, and also includes an extensive bibliography of his work in mathematics and logic. The book offers readers a comprehensive review of outstanding contributions in logic and mathematics as well as an engaging dialogue between prominent scholars and researchers. It provides those interested in mathematical logic, the philosophy of logic, and the philosophy of mathematics unique insights into the work of Hilary Putnam.
Mathematical logic --- Philosophy of science --- Logic --- wetenschapsfilosofie --- wiskunde --- logica
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82-931 --- 070.84 --- 7.01 --- Stripverhaal --- Comics. Stripverhalen--(in de krant) --- Esthetica. Kunstfilosofie. Kunsttheorie. Algemene problemen inzake kunst --- Comic books, strips, etc. --- Philosophy in literature. --- History and criticism. --- 7.01 Esthetica. Kunstfilosofie. Kunsttheorie. Algemene problemen inzake kunst --- 070.84 Comics. Stripverhalen--(in de krant) --- 82-931 Stripverhaal
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This cutting-edge handbook brings together an international roster of scholars to examine many facets of comics and graphic novels. Contributor essays provide authoritative, up-to-date overviewsof the major topics and questions within comic studies, offering readers a truly global approach to understanding the field. Essays examine: the history of the temporal, geographical, and formal development of comics, including topics like art comics, manga, comix, and the comics code; issues such as authorship, ethics, adaptation, and translating comics; connections between comics and other artistic media (drawing, caricature, film) as well as the linkages between comics and other academic fields like linguistics and philosophy; new perspectives on comics genres, from funny animal comics to war comics to romance comics and beyond. The Routledge Companion to Comics expertly organizes representative work from a range of disciplines, including media and cultural studies, literature, philosophy, and linguistics. More than an introduction to the study of comics, this book will serve as a crucial reference for anyone interested in pursuing research in the area, guiding students, scholars, and comics fans alike.
Comic books, strips, etc. --- Graphic novels --- History and criticism. --- Comic book novels --- Fiction graphic novels --- Fictive graphic novels --- Graphic albums --- Graphic fiction --- Graphic nonfiction --- Graphic novellas --- Nonfiction graphic novels --- Fiction --- Popular literature --- Comic books, strips, etc --- History and criticism --- 82-931 --- 76 <03> --- 76 <03> Grafische kunsten. Grafiek. Prentkunst--Naslagwerken. Referentiewerken --- Grafische kunsten. Grafiek. Prentkunst--Naslagwerken. Referentiewerken --- 82-931 Stripverhaal --- Stripverhaal --- strips --- film --- kunsttheorie --- tekenkunst --- striptheorie --- 741.51 --- kunst --- underground --- kranten --- tijdschriften --- beeldverhaal --- naslagwerk --- graphic novels --- Comic books, strips, etc. - History and criticism --- Graphic novels - History and criticism --- 070.84 --- 741.5 --- 070.84 Comics. Stripverhalen--(in de krant) --- Comics. Stripverhalen--(in de krant) --- 741.5 Spotprenten. Karikaturen. Cartoons. Striptekeningen. Satirische tekeningen --- Spotprenten. Karikaturen. Cartoons. Striptekeningen. Satirische tekeningen
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