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Le idee e le tecniche della Fisica Teorica del XX secolo (meccanica analitica, meccanica statistica, relatività e meccanica quantistica non relativistica) non sono più appannaggio esclusivo dei fisici. Ormai, specialmente con la recente introduzione di nuovi corsi di laurea, le conoscenze di base rientrano nel bagaglio culturale comune ai laureati in materie scientifiche e tecnologiche affini alla Fisica e alle sue applicazioni. Un laureato in queste materie non può non conoscere l’equazione E=mc2 e la media di Gibbs; inoltre deve avere i concetti e i metodi fondamentali della meccanica quantistica che ha cambiato la concezione del mondo ed è alla base della rivoluzione tecnologica in corso. Eppure quelle idee rimangono distanti dal comune modo di pensare e richiedono molto studio e un insegnamento ben mirato. La trattazione in questo libro, è meno formale rispetto ai tradizionali corsi di Istituzioni di Fisica Teorica. Lo scopo è comunque quello di raggiungere una reale comprensione dei concetti fisici e una capacità di risolvere autonomamente problemi. Lo stile è discorsivo, con abbondanza di esempi, l’esposizione di tutti i passaggi importanti è dettagliata, rispondendo in anticipo a tutte le domande che solitamente pongono gli allievi. L’autore ha dato spazio a sviluppi recenti e interessanti, come il microscopio a tunnel e la criptografia quantistica. Ha cercato di spiegare sempre le motivazioni delle manipolazioni matematiche, e il significato fisico di tutte le grandezze misurabili. Soprattutto, ha sottolineato gli aspetti che fanno della Fisica Teorica una scienza piena di risvolti pratici e insieme una avventura intellettuale particolarmente affascinante.
Mathematical physics. --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Physical mathematics --- Physics --- Mathematics --- Quantum theory. --- Mechanics. --- Statistical physics. --- Quantum Physics. --- Mathematical Methods in Physics. --- Complex Systems. --- Classical Mechanics. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems. --- Mathematical statistics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Quantum theory --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Statistical methods --- Quantum physics. --- Dynamical systems. --- Gravitation. --- Field theory (Physics) --- Matter --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Relativity (Physics) --- Dynamical systems --- Kinetics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Force and energy --- Statics --- Properties
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This book provides material for courses in theoretical physics for undergraduate and graduate students specializing in condensed matter, including experimentalists who want a thorough theoretical background; the advanced part should be of interest to research workers too. A good first course in quantum mechanics is assumed. Here a variety of many-body phenomena in condensed matter are discussed, with special attention paid to the understanding of strong correlation effects. This requires a variety of theoretical tools (diagram expansions, groups, recursion methods and more). The text, which arose naturally from teaching, is eminently readable and the mathematical treatments are explained in enough detail to be followed easily. Proofs of all the relevant theorems are provided, but the main emphasis is always on the physical meaning or applicability of the results. Many examples are provided for illustration and also serve as worked problems. .
Condensed matter. --- Many-body problem. --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- n-body problem --- Problem of many bodies --- Problem of n-bodies --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Physics. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics
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This book presents the basic elements of theoretical physics in a highly accessible, captivating way for university students in the third year of a degree in physics. It covers analytical mechanics, thermodynamics and statistical physics, special and general relativity and non-relativistic quantum theory, fully developing the necessary mathematical methods beyond standard calculus. The central theme is scientific curiosity and the main focus is on the experimental meaning of all quantities and equations. Several recent verifications of General Relativity are presented, with emphasis on the physical effects – why they were predicted to exist and what signals they were seen to produce. Similarly, the basic reasons why superconductors have zero resistance and are perfect diamagnets are pinpointed. Quantum Eraser Experiments and Delayed Choice Experiments are described. Many statements of Quantum Theory are a challenge to common sense and some crucial predictions have often been considered hard to believe and have been tested experimentally. The book examines the EPR paradox, Bell states and teleportation. To show the beauty and richness of the subject, various topics from different areas of Physics are covered. These include: discrete quantum models and lattices (periodic and not), Casimir effect, Anyons, Fano Resonances, the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect, the Aharonov-Bohm effect, the Meitner-Auger effect, Squeezed Light, the Rabi model, neutrino oscillations, aspects of Quantum Transport, Quantum Pumping, and Berry phases, black holes and cosmological problems.
Physics. --- Quantum physics. --- Thermodynamics. --- Quantum Physics. --- Classical Mechanics. --- Quantum theory. --- Mechanics. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Thermodynamics
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Cosmology --- Astrophysics --- Mathematical physics --- Theory of relativity. Unified field theory --- Quantum mechanics. Quantumfield theory --- Classical mechanics. Field theory --- Statistical physics --- quantumfysica --- astrofysica --- statistiek --- wiskunde --- fysica --- relativiteitstheorie --- mechanica --- kosmologie
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This book presents the basic elements of theoretical physics in a highly accessible, captivating way for university students in the third year of a degree in physics. It covers analytical mechanics, thermodynamics and statistical physics, special and general relativity and non-relativistic quantum theory, fully developing the necessary mathematical methods beyond standard calculus. The central theme is scientific curiosity and the main focus is on the experimental meaning of all quantities and equations. Several recent verifications of General Relativity are presented, with emphasis on the physical effects – why they were predicted to exist and what signals they were seen to produce. Similarly, the basic reasons why superconductors have zero resistance and are perfect diamagnets are pinpointed. Quantum Eraser Experiments and Delayed Choice Experiments are described. Many statements of Quantum Theory are a challenge to common sense and some crucial predictions have often been considered hard to believe and have been tested experimentally. The book examines the EPR paradox, Bell states and teleportation. To show the beauty and richness of the subject, various topics from different areas of Physics are covered. These include: discrete quantum models and lattices (periodic and not), Casimir effect, Anyons, Fano Resonances, the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect, the Aharonov-Bohm effect, the Meitner-Auger effect, Squeezed Light, the Rabi model, neutrino oscillations, aspects of Quantum Transport, Quantum Pumping, and Berry phases, black holes and cosmological problems.
Quantum mechanics. Quantumfield theory --- Classical mechanics. Field theory --- Thermodynamics --- thermodynamica --- quantumfysica --- quantumtheorie --- mechanica
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Le idee e le tecniche della Fisica Teorica del XX secolo (meccanica analitica, meccanica statistica, relatività e meccanica quantistica non relativistica) non sono più appannaggio esclusivo dei fisici. Ormai, specialmente con la recente introduzione di nuovi corsi di laurea, le conoscenze di base rientrano nel bagaglio culturale comune ai laureati in materie scientifiche e tecnologiche affini alla Fisica e alle sue applicazioni. Un laureato in queste materie non può non conoscere l'equazione E=mc2 e la media di Gibbs; inoltre deve avere i concetti e i metodi fondamentali della meccanica quantistica che ha cambiato la concezione del mondo ed è alla base della rivoluzione tecnologica in corso. Eppure quelle idee rimangono distanti dal comune modo di pensare e richiedono molto studio e un insegnamento ben mirato. La trattazione in questo libro, è meno formale rispetto ai tradizionali corsi di Istituzioni di Fisica Teorica. Lo scopo è comunque quello di raggiungere una reale comprensione dei concetti fisici e una capacità di risolvere autonomamente problemi. Lo stile è discorsivo, con abbondanza di esempi, l'esposizione di tutti i passaggi importanti è dettagliata, rispondendo in anticipo a tutte le domande che solitamente pongono gli allievi. L'autore ha dato spazio a sviluppi recenti e interessanti, come il microscopio a tunnel e la criptografia quantistica. Ha cercato di spiegare sempre le motivazioni delle manipolazioni matematiche, e il significato fisico di tutte le grandezze misurabili. Soprattutto, ha sottolineato gli aspetti che fanno della Fisica Teorica una scienza piena di risvolti pratici e insieme una avventura intellettuale particolarmente affascinante.
Cosmology --- Astrophysics --- Mathematical physics --- Theory of relativity. Unified field theory --- Quantum mechanics. Quantumfield theory --- Classical mechanics. Field theory --- Statistical physics --- quantumfysica --- astrofysica --- statistiek --- wiskunde --- fysica --- relativiteitstheorie --- mechanica --- kosmologie
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This book provides material for courses in theoretical physics for undergraduate and graduate students specializing in condensed matter, including experimentalists who want a thorough theoretical background; the advanced part should be of interest to research workers too. A good first course in quantum mechanics is assumed. Here a variety of many-body phenomena in condensed matter are discussed, with special attention paid to the understanding of strong correlation effects. This requires a variety of theoretical tools (diagram expansions, groups, recursion methods and more). The text, which arose naturally from teaching, is eminently readable and the mathematical treatments are explained in enough detail to be followed easily. Proofs of all the relevant theorems are provided, but the main emphasis is always on the physical meaning or applicability of the results. Many examples are provided for illustration and also serve as worked problems.
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Questo eserciziario nasce dalla raccolta di problemi d'esame assegnati agli studenti del corso di Struttura della Materia, che si colloca al confine fra il Corso Triennale e quello Magistrale. Alla fine di ciascun capitolo si trova un riepilogo ragionato di formule utili, e l’ultima parte del volume è dedicata alle unità di misura, alle formule di Meccanica Quantistica e alle tecniche per manipolare il momento angolare, i metodi variazionale e quello perturbativo elementare. Quasi tutti i problemi sono applicazioni della Meccanica Quantistica, anche se si utilizzano nozioni di Termodinamica, Meccanica ed Elettromagnetismo. I problemi di questo manuale differiscono rispetto a quelli che caratterizzano libri di Fisica Teorica (che possono anche essere astratti o rilevanti per l'Astrofisica o le Interazioni Deboli, soprattutto nel fatto che) soprattutto nel fatto che questi devono alla fine determinare dei valori realistici di misure standard su atomi molecole o solidi. In Fisica, la conoscenza di ogni argomento è sempre operativa, cioè comporta l'abilità di risolvere problemi; ma di solito non basta mettere i dati in qualche formula risolutiva. Lo studente deve riconoscere nel problema una fattispecie della teoria generale, e questo può essere arduo. Però un problema abbastanza impegnativo da richiedere una comprensione approfondita della materia non implica necessariamente una soluzione lunga ed elaborata. In questo volume gli Autori si sono proposti di presentare esercizi, ciascuno dei quali può essere svolto con pochi calcoli, tipicamente in un'ora. Tuttavia per lo studente essi rappresentano una significativa verifica della sua preparazione. La formulazione, che in alcuni problemi è modellistica, ha il pregio di evidenziare gli aspetti concettuali. I procedimenti proposti spesso non sono unici e il lettore potrebbe escogitarne altri ugualmente validi.
Physics. --- Physics, general. --- Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics. --- Atomic/Molecular Structure and Spectra. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Solid State Physics. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Physique --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Physics - General --- Atoms. --- Atomic structure. --- Molecular structure. --- Spectra. --- Condensed matter. --- Solid state physics. --- Spectroscopy. --- Microscopy. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Atomic structure . --- Molecular structure . --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Optics --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectrometry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Solids --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Structure, Molecular --- Chemical structure --- Structural bioinformatics --- Structure, Atomic --- Atomic theory --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Stereochemistry --- Qualitative --- Constitution --- Analytical chemistry
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This work arises from our teaching this subject during many years. The vast majority of these exercises are the exams we gave to our students in this period. We carefully selected the subjects of the exercises to cover all the material which is most needed and which is treated in the most well known texts on these subjects. Each exercise is carefully solved in full details, explaining the theory behind the solution with particular care for those issues that, from our experience, are found most difficult from the average student. Indeed, several exercises are designed to throw light on aspects of the theory that, for one reason or another, are usually neglected with the result to make the students feel uneasy about them. In fact most students get acquainted just with the more common manipulations, which are illustrated by many examples in textbooks. Our exercises never require extensive calculations but tend to be somewhat unusual and force the solver to think about the problem starting from the principles, rather than by analogy with some previously solved exercise.
Mathematical physics. --- Quantum statistics. --- Statistical mechanics. --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Atomic Physics --- Quantum theory --- Mathematics. --- Physics. --- Quantum physics. --- Thermodynamics. --- Statistical physics. --- Dynamical systems. --- Quantum Physics. --- Statistical Physics, Dynamical Systems and Complexity. --- Mechanics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Quantum statistics --- Statistical physics --- Thermodynamics --- Quantum theory. --- Complex Systems. --- Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems. --- Mathematical statistics --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Statistical methods --- Dynamical systems --- Kinetics --- Mathematics --- Force and energy --- Statics
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